Order I. 
PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. 
187 
3020 Stem simple, Leaves narrow lanceolate. Stipules very long 
§ 1. Stemless, Stipules membranous. 
3021 Pubescent, Leaves palmated 5-lobed toothed and undivided 
3022 Leaves pedate 7-parted 
3023 Leaves many-cleft. Segments lobed 
3024 Leaves obi. acute cord, sagittate serr. cut at base. Flowers inverted. Three lower petals bearded at base 
3025 Smooth, Leaves shining lanceolate obsoletely toothed or crenulate. Flowers whitish [middle 
SCit) Smth. Lvs. cord. ac. cren. serr. flattish, Fls. erect. Pet. obliquely turned : lateral longer bearded below tho 
3027 Smooth, Leaves cordate serrate smooth hooded at base. Petals obliquely turned : lateral bearded 
3028 Leaves cordate crenated pubesc. beneath. Lower petal bearded at base. Flower-stalks shorter than leaves 
3029 Lvs. triang. cord. ac. cren. somevvliat hood. Pet. obov. : Slow, beard, below mid. conniv. • 2 upper reflexcd 
3030 Leaves oblong cordate obtuse crenate naked at the base with unequal inflexed hooded lobes 
3031 Stemless, Leaves cordate smooth. Peduncles bracted above the middle 
3032 Smoothish, Lvs. roundish obt. at base cord. cren. serrate. Runners flowering. Pet. lin. not longer than cal. 
3033 Leaves cordate obtuse acutish flat smooth, Petals not bearded. Flower-stalks as long as leaves 
3034 Leaves oblong subcordate, Stalks membranous 
3035 Leaves cordate and stalks hispid with hairs, Cal. obtuse 
303fi Subhirsute, Runners none. Leaves cordate. Calyxes obtuse. Flowers sweet-scented 
3037 Leaves cordate vertilinear at base pubescent, Runners none 
3038 Leaves reniform smooth, Root creeping. Calyx obtuse 
3039 Leaves cordate acuminate subcrenate smooth, Bractes close under the flower, Lower petal truncate 
3040 Creeping runners and stalks smoothish, Cal. obtuse 
3041 Nearly stemless, Leaves roundish elliptical crenate stalked. Stipules lin. serrated. Spur as long as calyx 
§ 2. Caulescent, Stipules membranous. 
3042 Old stem ascending. Leaves oblong cordate obt. dotted. Stipules setaceous toothed, Cal. lanceolate acute 
3043 Stem square erect, Radical leaves cordate reniform. Flower-stalks longer than the leaves 
3044 Stem erect angular, Lvs. cord, toothed crenat. smooth, Stip. tooth, on one side, Bract. al)ovemidd. of stalk 
3045 Stem spread, compressed. Lower lvs. cord, ovate : upper ovate-lanceol. crenul. Stip. toothed on each side 
3046 Stem ascending rounded, Leaves ovate lanceolate. Stipules cut serrated 
3047 Stem erect. Leaves cordate oblong, Stipules toothed on one side, Antliers free 
3048 Pubescent, Stem simple erect. Leaves ovate obi. acute. Petals lane, entire. Flower-stalks length of leaves 
3049 Caulescent weak. Stipules membranous lanceolate slightly torn. Leaves shortly cordate toothed 
oO.-30 Stems erect and procumbent, Leaves oblong entire sinuated ciliated hispid. Stipules undiv. Calyxes acute 
3051 Stems filiform undiv. procumb. Leaves ovate stalked : their edge at the base ciliated, Stipules undivided 
30.52 Smoothish, Leaves subcordate acuminate serrated. Flower-stalks length of leaves. Stipules short entire 
3053 Leaves cordate acuminate serrated flattish. Stipules lanceolate serrated ciliated 
3054 Villous pubescent. Stem erect leafy at top. Leaves broad cordate. Stipules oblong serrated at end 
.'5055 Erect, Leaves broad lanceolate. Stipules linear lane, entire. Flower-stalks axillary in pairs very short 
3056 Stem erect and leaf-stks. 3-corner. Rad. fl. with cor. but sterile : caul, apet. fertile, Lvs. reniform cord. cren. 
SO.")? Stem v. eak about 2-flowered, Leaves reniform serrate. Calyxes acute. Stipules entire 
3058 Stem 1 -flowered. Leaves cordate toothed 
3059 Leaves linear lane, toothed. Stipules linear entire, Spur very obtuse much shorter than calyx 
\ 3. Stipules pimiatifid. Stigma cup-shaped. 
3060 Stem ang. diffuse. Leaves oblong toothed crenate. Stipules lyrate pinnat. Cor. twice as long as smooth cal. 
3061 Stem. ang. dec. difflise. Lower lvs. cord, upper ovate obi. toothed cren. Cor. scarcely longer than smooth cal. 
3062 Stem angular decumb. diflTuse, Leaves ovate oblong toothed crenate. Cor. scarcely longer than hairy cal. 
3063 Caulesc. smooth. Leaves thickish ovate and oval cren. Flowers inverted wavy, Petals rounded broad renif. 
3064 Stein angular diffuse and leaves oblong serrated hairy. Stipules lyrate pinnatifid. Cor. twice as long as cal. 
3065 Stem 3-cornored simple, Lvs. obi. toothed. Stipules palm, many-cleft. Petals crenate. Spur as long as cal. 
30(56 Stem 3-cornered simple. Leaves ovate oblong crenated ciliated, Stipules palmate cut 
3067 Stem 3-cornered simple. Leaves oblong. Stipules pinnatifid 
3068 Stem very short erect. Leaves roundish crenate. Stipules entire. Flower-stalks 3-cornered 
and Miscellaneous Particulars. 
Desfontaines says it is frequent about Cassa and Tozzer, in Barbary, in the palm groves ; the blue and white 
growmg promiscuously and flowering in winter. Hasselquist found it in Palestine, Thunberg in Japan, and 
Loureiro in China, near Canton. The double purple and the Neapolitan are the most esteemed varieties : the 
latter forces well, and where there is a stove or warm pit, maybe had from Christmas to April, when others are 
in flower in the open air. 
In medicine, the flowers of violets act as a laxative, and the syrup is used by chemists to detect an acid or an 
alkah : for this purpose the V. odorata is cultivated to some extent at Stratford upon Avon. {Withering.) 
