Order I. 
HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA. 
257 
4300 Leaves radical numerous white beneath with stellate hairs, Umbel few-flowered 
4301 Scape 1-fl. shorter than the oblong elliptical smooth plaited leaves 
4302 Leaves linear smooth channelled, Flower solitary green outside 
4303 Scape 1-fl. shorter than the linear ciliate serrate keeled leaves. Flowers out of flower rcficxed 
4304 Leaves channelled hairy entire. Scapes 1-fl. 
4305 Leaves lanceolate on long stalks. Head sessile, Flowers shorter than bractos 
4306 Leaves linear subulate, Flowers sessile 
4307 Leaves linear subulate. Flowers stalked 
4308 Leaves lanceolate. Tube of flower very long 
4309 Leaves elliptical. Head sessile. Tube of flower scarcely longer than limb 
4310 Leaves elliptical recurved, Head stalked cernuous, Tube of flower very short 
4311 Panicle branched divaricating 
4312 Spike terminal simple whorled 
4313 Prickles of stem reflexed, Spadix divaricating straight 
4314 Prickles spreading, Spadix radical 
4315 Culm divided. Panicle branched. Flowers erect digynous 
4316 Point of scape very long leafy 
4317 Point of scape scarcely longer than spadix 
4318 Leaves lanceolate-ovate 
4319 Leaves ensiform 
4320 The only species 
4321 Leaves tripartite multifid 
4322 Leaves ovate lanceolate entire stalked 
and Mtscellaneous Particulars. 
there are several species or varieties, all distinguished by a stem which is perennial, unbranched, long, round, 
solid, jointed, scandent when near trees, but without prickles or tendrils, extremely tough and pliable. The 
diflerent sorts grow on the banks of rivers in the East, like our reeds, and furnish valuable props for plants, 
cab?es, ropes, withs, wicker and wattled work, baskets, hoops for petticoats, walking-sticks, &c. 
C. Zalacca, the Salxck, is cultivated for the fruit, which is about the size of a walnut, and covered with 
scales like those of a lizard ; within the scales are two or three sweet yellow kernels. This tree is supposed to 
yield the dragon's blood. 
754. Ehrharta. So named by Linnaeus, in honor of Frederick Ehrhart, a native of Switzerland, a very 
diligent and acute observer. These are very curious grasses, of which an account has been published in the 
Transactions of the Linnean Society. 
755. Acoi-us. From «, privative, and tio^'/i, the pupil of the eye, maladies in which are supposed to be cured 
by the virtues of this plant. Acorus Calamus, Linneeus observes, is the only native aromatic plant of northern 
climates ; the root powdered might supply the place of foreign spices. It has a strong aromatic smell, and a 
warm, pungent, bitterish taste. The flavor is greatly improved by drying. The roots are commonly imported 
from the Levant ; but those of our own growth are full as good. The Turks candy them, and regard them as 
a preservative against contagion. In many counties of England, in which the plant abounds, it was formerly used 
to strew the floors of houses instead of rushes ; a purpose for which its fragrant leaves made it very suitable. 
The aromatic principle is an essential oil, which can be obtained by distillation. The root has been em- 
ployed in medicine since the time of Hippocrates. By the moderns it is successfully used in intermittent 
fever even after bark has failed, and is certainly a very useful addition to Cinchona. It is also a useful adjunct 
to bitters, and stomachic infusions. Thomson says, {Mat. Med. 134.) it is too seldom prescribed. Though the 
plant is abundant in the fenny districts of England, yet what is used by the druggists is imported from the 
Levant. No cattle whatever eat the plant. 
756. Orontium.. The Greek name of a plant now unknown to us as such. It is thought co have been so 
called from growing on the edge of the Orontes, a river of Asia Minor. O. japonicum has broad leaves like 
those of the lily of the valley, green on the upper side, and covered with very minute hairs, so that they look like 
a fine velvet. Cattle, hogs, and stags, are very fond of these leaves in the spring, and they come out among 
the earliest. Kalra states, that the Indians gather the seeds and eat them when dried hke peas, boiling them 
repeatedly in water before they are fit for use ; they also boil them in milk or butter, and use them instead of 
bread. They call the plant Tawkee. It grows in marshes, near moist and low grounds, very plentifully in 
Virginia, Canada, and other provinces of North America. 
757. Tupistra. A diminutive of rv^ra?, a mallet, on account of the peculiar form of the flower. An obscure 
plant, supposed to belong to the order Aroideae. It has long lanceolate broad leaves, and radical spikes of 
dingy purple flowers. It requires the heat of a bark-bed. 
758. Tacca. The Malay name of ';he plant. T. pinnatifida has a red root, the size of a man's fist, roundish. 
