288 
HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA. 
Class VI. 
833. RICHAR'DIA. L. 
4936 scabra L. 
834. CANARI'NA. W. 
4937 Campanula W. 
835. FRANKE'NIA. 
4938 1ce'vis W. 
4939 Nothria W. 
4940hirsuta W. 
4941 pulverulenta W. 
836. PEP'LIS. W. 
4942 Portula W. 
RiCHARDIA. 
rough 
Canarina. 
Canary 
W. Sea-Heath. 
smooth 
Cape 
hairy 
powdery 
tL □ w 2 
!t>. I Al or 
£ A cu 
^ I Al cu 
£ A cu 
£ A cu 
Water Purslane. 
common ^ O cu 
Ruhiacecc. 
s W 
Sp. 1. 
Vera Cruz 
C l.p Lam. ill. t. 254 
Campanulacece. Sp. 1. 
3 ja.mr O Canaries 
1696. R r.m Bot. mag. 444 
Frnnkeniacece. Sp. 4 — 16. 
ijl.au 
\ jn.au 
i jnjl 
F 
F 
L.B 
R 
England sal. m. 
C. G. H. 1816. 
Siberia 1789. 
D S.1 
D s.l 
D s.l 
England seaco. D s.l 
Eng. bot. 205 
Be. c. 171. 1. 1. f.2 
Fl. graec. 343 
Eng. bot. 2222 
Salicarice. Sp. 1 — 2. 
i jl.s Pu Britain 
wat. pi. S aq Eng. bot. 121 
DIGYNIA. 
837. ORY'ZA. W. 
4943 sativa W. 
Rice. 
common 
Graminece. Sp. 1. 
.illi" m] ag 2 jl Ap E. Indies 1596. 
aq Cat. car. 1. t. 14 
B38. ATRAPHAX'IS. W. Atraphaxis. Polygonece. Sp. 2—3. 
4944 spinosa W. prickly tSL lAJ cu 2 au Ap Levant 1732. C l.p Dend. brit. 119 
4945 undulata W. waved-leaved tt- 1 | cu 2 jn.jl Ap C. G. H. 1732. C l.p Dil. el. t. 32. f.36 
4930 ^ 4931 A m 4933 
History, Use, Propagation, Culture, 
833. Richardia. So named by Houston, after Richard Richardson, an English botanist. Cuttings root in 
sand under a glass. 
834. Canarina. That is to say, a plant native of the Canaries. This plant, Sweet observes, " is very desir- 
able, as it flowers in autumn and winter, when few other plants are in bloom. After flowering, the stem lies 
down, and the roots continue dormant all the summer, when they need but little water. When they begin to 
grow they had better be placed in the stove, as they will not flower so abundantly in the greenhouse. A light 
loamy soil suits them best, or a mixture of loam and peat ; and they are readily increased by dividing the roots, 
or from cuttmgs planted in the same kind of soil under a hand-glass, " ^.Bot. Cult. p. 162.) 
835. Frankenia. In honor of John Frankenius, professor of botany at Upsal, who first enumerated the plants 
of Sweden in Speculum Botanicum, 1638, and Speculum Botanicum Renovatum in 1659. 
836. Peplis. One of the Greek names of the Purslane. The plant now so called resembles the Purslane in 
some points. 
837. Oryza. From the Arabic word erux, the Greeks coined their word o^vZ.(x,, and the various modem 
nations of Europe their rice, rix, reis, &c. O. sativa, the common rice, has the culm from one to six feet in 
length, annual, erect, simple, round, jointed. Leaves subulate-linear, reflex, embracing, not fleshy. Flowers 
in a terminating panicle. Calycine leaflets lanceolate. Valves of the corolla equal in length ; the inner valve 
even, awnless ; the outer twice as wide, four-grooved, hispid, awned. Style single, two-parted. 
O. mutica, the dry or mountain rice, cultivated in Ceylon, Java, and of late in Hungary, has the culm three 
feet high, and more slender. Fruit longish, with awns the longest of all. It is sown on mountains and in 
dry .soils ; rots with a long inundation, and perishes with sea water. 
The varieties of rice, as of other cultivated grain, are as numerous as the different soils, climates, and other 
physical circumstances, in which it is cultivated : besides the dry rice, the chief sorts, by some considered spe- 
cies, are the O. precox, or early rice, and the O. glutinosa, or clammy rice, both cultivated in irrigated lands. 
The nativeplaceof rice, like that of the other sorts of grain in common use, is unknown ; it is cultivated in great 
abundance all over India, where the country will admit of being flooded ; in the southern provinces of China, 
in Cochinchina, Cambodia, Siam, Japan, &c. In Japan it is very white, and of the best quality. It has also 
been introduced into cultivation in the southern kingdoms of Europe, Italy, Spain, the south of France, and 
within a few years into Hungary and Westphalia. In Carolina it has long been a staple commoditj'. 
Houghton's account of its introduction there is, that Ashby was encouraged to send a hundred pound bagful! 
of rice to that province, from which, in 1698, sixty tons were imported into England. Dalrymple says, tliat 
rice in Carolina is the result of a small bag of paddy, given as a present from Dubois, treasurer of the East 
India Company, to a Carolina trader. A Dutch vessel also, from Madagascar, brought rice into the same pro- 
vince ; and to this is attributed their having two kinds. {Oriental Repertory, 1.) 
In the hilly parts of Java, and in many of the Eastern islands, the mountain rice is planted upon the sides of 
hills, where no water but rain can come ; it is, however, planted in the beginning of the rainy season, and 
reaped in the beginning of the dry season. The natives call it Paddy Gimung, which signifies mountain rice. 
It is entirely unknown in the western parts of India, but it is well known in Cochinchina, where it thrives in 
dry light soils, mostly on the sides of hills, not requiring more moisture than the usual rains and dews supply, 
neither of which are frequent at the season of its vegetation. 
There is a kind of hill rice which is hardy enough to grow on the edge of the Himalayan snows. It is al- 
most to be expected, that this will, at some future time, prove an acquisition of value to the European 
cultivator. 
Rice is extensively cultivated in the East Indies and China, and chiefly on low grounds near large rivers. 
