338 
DECANDRIA. 
Class X. 
Class X. — DECANDRIA. 10 Stamens. 
This is the last of the Linnean classes in which the stamens are distinct, and bear any determined relation 
to the other parts of the flower. It is composed of portions of a considerable number of natural orders, of 
w'hich the most important is Leguminosa?, with which the class usually is made to commence. These are of 
two kinds : those which are papilionaceous, and those which have a regular expanded flower. The former 
are remarkable in their kind for bearing distinct stamens combined with a papilionaceous corolla; the 
greater part are natives of New Holland or the Cape of Good Hope, a very few of the Northern Hemisphere ; 
and all of them ornamental plants. Of those with regular flowers the most beautiful genus is the 
Bauhinia, which, in the latitudes of the tropics, constitutes the most formidable obstacle to the passage of 
human beings through the woods, which are interlaced in every direction by the climbing or leaning stems 
of these and other plants commonly called Lianes j the most extensive genus is Cassia, the species of which 
are little esteemed as objects of ornament, but of material importance in medicine; the famous Senna of the 
shops being the produce of at least three species. The Haematoxylon and Swietenia, the one producing 
Logwood, the other Mahogany, are included in this class, as are the important Quassia drug, and the beautiful 
tribes of Kalmias, Rhododendrons, and Andromedas. 
The second and succeeding orders are chiefly occupied by the most important of the genera of the natural 
order of CaryophylleEe, the whole of which have lately been remodelled and arranged, under the direction of 
Decandolle, by M. Seringe, an ingenious Swiss botanist. Of this order the most extensive genus is Silene, 
and the most beautiful Dianthus, out of which the fine carnations, pinks, and piccotees of the florist have 
been obtained 
Order 1. MONOGYNIA. 
10 Stamens. 1 Style. 
§ 1. Legumimsce. Flowers papilionaceous. 
940. Edwardsia. Cal. 5-toothed. Pod 4-winged, many-seeded. 
941. Sophora. Cal. 5-toothed. Pod necklace-shaped, not winged, many-seeded. 
942. Ormosia. Cal. 5-cleft, 2-lipped. Stigmas 2, approximate, obtuse : one on one side. Pod compressed, 
woody, 1-3-seeded, 
943. Anagyris. Cal. 5-toothed, 2-lipped. Keel of 2 petals, which are larger than the wings, which are 
longer than the standard. Pod compressed, many-seeded. 
944. Thermopsis. Cal. oblong |-5-cleft, 2-lipped, convex behind. Petals of equal length. Standard re- 
flexed at edges. Keel obtuse. Stamens persistent. Pod compressed, linear, many-seeded. 
945. Virgilia. Cal. 5-cleft. Petals of equal length ; standard not reflexed at edges. Stigma beardless. Pod 
compressed, oblong, many-seeded. 
946. Cyclopia. Cal. 5-cleft, unequal, pushed inwards at base. Standard with longitudinal wrinkles : wings 
with a transverse plait. Stamens deciduous. Stigma bearded on one side. Pod compressed, many-seeded. 
947. Baptisia. Cal. half 4-5-cleft, 2-lipped. Petals of equal length. Standard reflexed at edges. Stamens 
deciduous. Pod ventricose, stalked, many-seeded. 
948. Podalyria. Cal. 5-cleft, unequal, pushed inwards at base. Standard larger than the rest. Stamens 
persistent, connate at base. Pod ventricose, many-seeded. 
949. Choroxemia. Cal. half-S-cleft, 2-lipped. Keel ventricose, shorter than wings. Style short, hooked. 
Stigma oblique^ obtuse. Pod ventricose, many-seeded. 
950. Podolobium. Cal. 5-cleft, 2-lipped. Keel compressed, the length of the wings, which are equal to the 
expanded standard. Ovary many-seeded in a single row. Style ascending. Stigma simple. Pod stalked, 
linear, oblong, moderately ventricose, smooth inside. 
951. Oxylobium. Cal. deeply 5-cleft, rather 2-lipped. Keel compressed, the length of the wings, which are 
equal to the open standard. Style ascending. Stigma simple. Pod many-seeded, ventricose, ovate, acute. 
952. CalUstachys. Cal. 2-lipped. Standard erect, keel and wings drooping. Style incurved. Stigma simple. 
Pod stalked, woody before ripening, many-celled. 
953. Brachysema. Cal. 5-cleft, but little unequal, with a ventricose tube. Standard shorter than the 
compressed keel, which is as long as the wings. Ovary with a stalk, surrounded at base by a little sheath. 
Style filiform, long. Pod many-seeded, ventricose. 
954. Gompholobium. Cal. 5-parted, nearly equal. Standard unfurled. Stigma simple. Pod many-seeded, 
nearly spherical, very obtuse, smooth. 
955. Burtonia. Cal. deeply 5-cleft. Cor. deciduous. Petals nearly equal. Ovary 2-seeded. Style subulate, 
dilated at base. Stigma blunt, beardless. Pod roundish, moderately inflated. No appendage to the seed. 
956. Jacksonia. Cal. 5-parted, nearly equal. Corolla and stamens deciduous. Ovary 2-seeded. Style 
subulate, filiform. Stigma simple. Pod moderately inflated, ovate or oblong, with valves downy inside. No 
appendage to the seed. 
957. Viminaria. Cal. 5-toothed, angular. Style capillary, a little longer than the 2-seeded ovary. Stigma 
simple. Pod valveless, ovate. No appendage to the seed. 
958. Sphcerolobium. Cal. 5-fid, 2-lipped. Style on one side at the end, with a membranous appendage, on 
the other beardless. Stigma terminal. Pod spherical. 
959. Aotus. Cal. 5-cleft, 2-lipped. Stamens deciduous. Ovary 2-seeded. Style filiform. Pod 2-valved. No 
appendage to the seed. 
960. Dillwynia. Cal. 5-cleft, 2-lipped, narrow at base. Petals and stamens deciduous, inserted into the 
middle of tube of calyx. Standard twice as broad as long, spreading, 2-lobed. Ovary 2-seeded. Style hooked. 
Stigma capitate. Pod inflated. Seeds with an appendage. 
961. Eutaxia. Cal. 2-lipped. Standard a little broader than long. Ovary 2-seeded. Style hooked. Stigma 
capitate. Pod moderately ventricose. Seed with an appendage. Leaves opposite. 
962. Sclerothamnus. Cal. 5-cleft, 2-lipped, with 2 bractes at base. Keel as long as wings. Ovary 2-seeded, 
stalked. Style ascending filiform. Stigma simple. Pod ventricose. 
) 963. Gastrolobium. Cal. 5-cleft, 2-lipped, without bractes. Petals of equal length. Ovary 2-seeded, stalked. 
Style subulate, ascending. Stigma simple. Pod ventricose. Seeds with an appendage. 
964. Euchilus. Cal. deeply 5-cleft, 2-lipped, the upper lip very large, with 2 bractes at base. Keel as long as 
wings. Ovary 2-seeded, stalked. Style subulate, ascending. Stigma simple. Pod compressed. Appendage 
of the seed with the hind lobes entire. 
965. Pultencea. Cal. 5-cleft with even-sized lips, 2-bracted. Ovary sessile, 2-seeded. Style subulate, ascend- 
ing. Stigma simple. Appendage of the seed with the hind lobes cut. 
966. Daviesia. Cal. angular without bractes. Keel shorter than standard. Ovary s':alked, 2-seeded. Style 
straight. Stigma simple. Pod compressed, angular, opening with elasticity. Appendage of seed entire 
behind. 
967. Mirbelia. Cal. 5-cleft, 2.1ipped, Pod 2-celled, with each suture bent inwards. 
