458 
POLYANDRIA. 
Class XIII. 
1209. Nigella. Cal. O. Petals 5. Nectaries 5, trifid between the corolla. 
1210. Reaumuria. Cal. 5-Ieaved. Petals reflexed, 5. Caps. 5-celled, 5.valved, many-seeded. Seeds woolly 
1211 Colbertia. Ten stamens much longer than the others. Carpella 5, united? Stigma capitate. Seeds 
several in each cell, reniform, inclosed in a pellucid pulp. 
1212. Tetracera. Flowers often dioecious or polygamous. Carpella 3-5, capsular, surrounded bv the imbri- 
cated sepals. Seeds 1-2, shining, ovate, with an arillus. 
Order 4. POLYGYNIA. 
Styles many. Stamens many, hypogynous. 
1213. Nelumbium. Cal. 4-5-leaved. Petals many. Fruit turbinate, in a truncate discus, with several 
-seeded hollows. Nuts ovate, crowned with the persistent style. 
1214. Dillenia. Cal. 5-leaved. Petals 5. Capsules many-seeded, connate, replete with pulp. 
1215. Illicium. Cal. 6-leaved. Petals 27. Caps, many, placed in a circle, 2-valved, 1-seeded. 
1216. Liriodendron. Cal. 3-leaved. Petals 6. Samaras imbricated in a cone. Caps. 1-2-seeded, not opening, 
; ttenuated. 
1217. Magnolia. Cal. 5-leaved. Petals 6-9. Caps. 2-valved, 1-seeded, imbricated in a cone. Seeds pen- 
dulous. 
1218. Michelia. Cal. 3-leaved. Petals 15. Berries many, 4-seeded. 
1219. Uvaria. Cal. 3-leaved. Petals 6. Berries numerous, pendulous, 4-seeded. 
1220. Annona. Sepals 3, united at base, concave, cordate, acute. Petals 6, thick ; the interior thicker or 
!ione. Anthers subsessile, with a dilated angular end. Berry pulpy, many-celled towards the outside. 
1221. Artabotrys. Cal. 3-parted. Petals 6. Stamens hypogynous. Ovaries distinct, 2-seeded. Berries 
2-seeded. Seeds collateral erect, without arillus. 
1222. Guatteria. Sepals 3, united at base, ovate, subcordate, acute. Petals 6, ovate or obovate. Berries 
dry, coriaceous, ovate or subglobose, stalked, 1-seeded. 
1223. Asimina. Cal. 3-parted. Petals 6, spreading, ovate-oblong j the inner smallest. Anthers subsessile. 
Berries usually 3, sessile. Seeds several. 
MONOGYNIA. 
1162. CAP'PARIS. W. 
76,38 spinosa W. 
7639 jamaicensis W. . 
7640frond6sa W. 
764lovata W. 
7642 salig'na P. S. 
7643 linearis W. 
7644 Breynia W. 
7645 cynophallophora W. Bay-leaved 
7646 odoratissima W. sweet-scented 
7647 ferruginea W. 
Caper-Tree. 
common M. | cul 
Jamaica M □ or 
large-leaved * O or 
acute-leaved -S* | or 
Willow-leaved *fc n or 
linear-leaved II O or 
Oleaster-leav'd *! i | or 
I I or 
I I or 
ferrugineous (21] or 4 
Capparidece. 
my.au W 
... W 
... G 
niy.au W 
... W 
... W 
... w 
... G.w 
... W 
... w 
Sp. 10—116. 
S. Europe 1596. 
Jamaica 1793. 
Carthag. 1800. 
S. Europe ... 
SantCruz 1807. 
W. Indies 1793. 
W. Indies 1752. 
W. Indies 1752. 
Caraccas 1814, 
Jamaica 
s.l Bot. mag. 291 
r.m Jac.am. e.p.t.lOl 
s.l Jac. amer. t. 103 
s.l Boc. sic. t. 42. f.3 
r.m 
r.m Jac. amer. 1. 102 
l.p Jac. amer. 1. 103 
r.m Jac. amer. t. 98 
r.m Jac.schce.l t.llO 
s.l Bro. jam.t.28.f.l 
1163. MARCGRAA'VIA. W. Marcgraavia. Capparidece. 
7648 umbellata W. umbelled 1 □ cu 20 ... W 
7638 
Sp. 1—2. 
W. Indies 1792. C s.l.p Jac. amer. t. 96 
7640 ^(sv, «^ 7643 
7645 
History f Use, Propagation, Culture, 
1162. Capparis. From its Arabic name Kabar, from which the Greeks made stasjra-asi/?. Caprier, Fr., 
Capriolo, Ital. and Kapernstrauch, Ger. This is a genus of low shrubs, some of which produce berries and 
others pods. C. spinosa has the habit of the common bramble ; it grows in similar situations in the south of 
Europe, and especially on rocks and ruins. The chief supply of caper buds is from Sicily ; but the plant is 
cultivated in the neighbourhood of Toulon in orchards, in the intervals between fig and olive trees, and in 
the nei<?hbourhood of Paris, where it is trained on low walls, and the shoots during winter laid down and 
covered with soil to protect them from the frost. In this country it is generally treated as a stove plant ; 
though it has stood the winter in the open air in some situations, and by raising from the seed for several 
generations might probably be naturalized. A plant stood near a century against the wall of the garden of 
Camden House, Kensington ; it produced many flowers annually, though the young shoots were frequently 
killed to the stump during winter. 
As a pickle, the flower buds of the caper are in great esteem throughout Europe. In Italy, the unripe 
fruit is prepared in the same way as the flower buds ; both are highly acrid and burning to the taste. In 
the isles of the Mediterranean, and near Toulon, the flower buds of the caper are gathered just before they 
begin to expand, which forms a daily occupation during six months, when the plants are in a flowering state. 
As the buds are gathered they are thrown into a cask among as much salt and vinegar as is sufficient to cover 
