Order V. 
POLYANDRIA POLYGYNIA. 
479 
7900 Leaves elliptic oblong simply serrated, Peduncles l-flovvered 
7901 Petals 27-30 purple : outer oblong ; inner lanceolate 
7902 Petals 9-12 yellowish ovate roundish 
7903 Leaves truncate at end with two broad opposite stipules 
7904 Leaves evergreen oval-obl. coriaceous shining above ferrugineous beneath. Flowers erect with 9-12 petals 
7905 Leaves elliptical blunt glaucous beneath. Flowers with 9-12 contracted petals which are ovate concave 
7906 Like the last, but leaves evergreen elliptical acute at each end 
7907 Lvs. deciduous obovate abruptly acuminate the younger pubescent. Flowers naked erect with 6-9 petals 
7908 Lvs. deciduous obov. acute netted nearly smooth, Fls. erect. Sepals 3, Petals 6 obovate. Styles very short 
7909 Lvs. decid. obov. point, at each end, younger downy ben., old ones smooth, Fls. erect, Sep. 3, Pet. 6, Styles 
[very short 
7910 Leaves evergreen smooth netted ellipt. acuminate at each end subglaucous. Flowers cernuous 
7911 Leaves evergreen elUptic obi. : the old smooth ; younger and branches fuscous downy. Flowers erect 
7912 Lvs. deciduous heart-shaped subovate acute, above smooth, beneath somewhat tomentose. Pet. 6-9. obi. 
7913 Leaves deciduous oval acuminate pubescent beneath, Petals 6-9 
7914 Leaves deciduous lane, much spreading, younger downy beneath. Petals 9-12, the outer hanging down 
7915 Lvs. deciduous very large obi. obov. subcuneate cordate at base, beneath whitish glaucous. Pet. 6-9 ovate 
7916 Lvs. decid. smooth spatulate obov. subcord. at base, Auricles blunt close, Sep. 3 much spread. Pet. 9 oblong 
7917 Lvs. decid. smth spatul. obov. subcord. at base, of same color on both sides. Auric, spread. Pet. 9 lane. acum. 
and Miscellaneous Particulai's. 
greater age, though ringing might probably be successfully applied to throwing this and other ornamental 
trees into a flowering state. There are many fine old trees round London, in the parishes of Fulham, 
Walham-green, Kew, &c., and a very fine one even so far north as Pitcaithly wells in Fifeshire. 
1217. Magnolia. In honor of Pierre Magnol, professor of medicine, and prefect of the Ijotanic garden at 
Montpelier ; author of Botanicuin Monspeliense, 1676, and other works. The species are chiefly large trees 
wi*:h large leaves, and axillary flowers, also very large and highly odorous. 
M. grandiflora is the noblest species ; the leaves, which are persistent, are nine or ten inches long, and 
not unlike those of a common laurel. The flowers are produced at the ends of the branches : they are very 
large, and composed of eight or ten petals, narrow at their base, but broad, rounded, and a little waved at their 
extremities ; they spread open very wide, are of a pure white color, and have an agreeable scent. 
The variety g. elliptica or Exmouth (having been raised from the seed of an old tree in Sir John 
Collington's garden of that place) flowers earliest and most freely : it is also the hardiest. 
M. glauca is deciduous. In America it is known by the names of white laurel, swamp sassafras, and 
beaver tree. It has the last name, because the root is eaten as a great dainty by beavers ; and this animal is 
caught by means of it. Kalm says, these trees may be discovered by the scent of the blossoms at the distance 
of three quarters of a mile, if the wind be favorable. It is beyond description pleasant to travel in the woods 
St the flowering season, especially in the evening. They retain their flowers for three weeks, and even longer. 
The berries also look very handsome when they are ripe, being of a rich red color, and hanging in bunches on 
slender threads. They cure coughs and other pectoral diseases by putting these berries into brandy, and 
giving a draught of the liquor every morning. The wood is made use of for joiners' planes. Dillenius 
remarks, that the flowers never open in a morning, that the calyx falls off at the second opening of the flower, 
but that the petals dry on, and that the scent resembles that of the lily of the valley, with a mixture of 
aromatic. 
M. conspicua is much valued as a free flowerer, and on account of the early appearance of its white 
odoriferous blossoms. Yulan is the vernacular name in Japan. 
M. acuminata bears a fruit about three inches long, like a small cucumber, and is thence called cucumber 
tree in America. 
M. tripetala has leaves twelve or fifteen inches long and five or six inches wide, narrowing to a point at 
each extremity, and placed at the ends of the branches in a circular manner like an umbrella, whence its 
name. The flowers are composed of ten, eleven, or twelve large oblong white petals ; the wood is soft and 
spongy, and the leaves drop off earlier than in the other deciduous sorts. 
The different species. Sweet observes, are generally increased by layers or seeds : when the layers are first 
taken off they should be potted in a mixture of loam and peat, and placed in a close frame till they have 
taken fresh root None of the leaves should be taken off or shortened, nor any shoots be cut off; or their tops 
shortened, as they will not succeed so well ; for the more branches and leaves are on them, the sooneir 
they will strike fresh root. Most cultivators cut off many of the leaves and shoots of layers, when 
they are first taken off, thinking the roots will not have so much to nourish, which is the very reason 
