488 
POLYANDRIA POLYGYNIA. 
Class XIII. 
8061 lanuginosus W. 
8062 par'vulus W. 
8063 hederaceus W. 
8064 aquatilis W. 
8065 tripartitus Dec. 
8066 pan'tothnx Dec. 
fi fluvidtilis W. 
8057 arvensis W. 
8068 oxyspermus W. 
8069 hyperboreus L. 
8070 Gouani W. 
8071 nemorosus Dec. 
8072 muricatus W. 
8073 parviflorus W. 
1234. TROL'LIUS. W. 
8074 americanus Muhl. 
laxus Ph. 
8075 europae'us IV. 
8076 asiaticus W. 
0 intermSdius 
y hybridus 
1235. ISOPY'RUM. W. 
8077 fumarioides W. 
8078 thalictroides W. 
woolly-leaved ^ 
little-upright 
Ivy-leaved ^ 
various-leaved ^ 
three-parted ^ 
rigid-leaved ^ 
long-lvd.-water ^ 
corn 
sharp-grained ^ 
northern J{ 
Gouan's ^ 
w^ood ^ 
prickly- seeded 
small-flowered 
A or 
O w 
A pr 
A pr 
A pr 
A pr 
A or 
A w 
A or 
A cu 
A or 
A or 
O w 
O w 
Globb-Flower. 
American ^ A or 
European A or 
Asiatic ^ £^ ox 
intermediate ^ A or 
hybrid ^ A or 
ISOPYRUM. 
Fumitory-lvd. O pr 
meadow-rue-lv. ^ A pr 
1236. ERAN'THIS. Sal. Winter-Aconite. 
8079 hyemalis Sal. common ^ A or 
1237. HELLE'BORUS. 
8080niger W. 
8081 viridis W. 
8082 purpurascens Pers. 
8083od6rus W.en. 
8084 dumetorum W. en. 
8085 fce'tidus W. 
8086nvidus W. 
1238. ''COP'TIS. Sal. 
8087 trifolia Ph. 
8061 
W. Helleborje. 
Christmas Rose£ A or 
green j£ A or 
purplish j£ A or 
sweet-scented £ A or 
bushy j£ A or 
Bear's-foot ^ A or 
three-leaved ^ JSi or 
COPTIS. 
three-leaved A pr 
1 jn.jl 
i jl.au 
my.au 
ap.au 
ap.au 
ap.au 
ap.au 
1 jn.au 
1 my 
^ ap.my 
1 my.au 
1 my.au 
I jl.au 
f my.jn 
Y S. Europe 1683. 
Y England 
W Britain wat. pi. 
W Britain dit. 
W Europe dit. 
W Britain 
W Britain 
Y Britain cor.fi. 
Pa.Y Caucasus 1822. 
Y N.Europe 1820. 
Y Pyrenees 1818. 
Y Switzerl. 1810. 
Y S. Europe 1683. 
Y England gra.pl. 
D CO 
S CO 
D CO 
D CO 
D CO 
D CO 
D CO 
D CO 
D CO 
D CO 
D CO 
D CO 
S CO 
S CO 
Fl. dan. 397 
Col. ec. t. 316. f.l 
Eng. bot. 2003 
Eng. bot. 101 
Fl. dan. 376 
Eng. bot. 135 
Fl. dan. t. 331 
Go. ill. t. 17.f.l,2 
Vent. eels. t. 73 
Eng. bot. 120 
Ranunoulacece. Sp. 3 — 5. 
\ my.jl Y N. Amer. 1805. 
D CO Bot. mag. 1988 
groves. 
1759. 
2 my.jn Y Britain 
1 my.jn D.O Siberia 
1 my.jn Y 
1 my.jn Y 
Ranunculacece. Sp. 2 — 4. 
1 jn W.G Siberia 1741. 
Eng. bot. 28 
Bot. mag. 235 
Am. rut. 74. 1. 12 
Jac. aust. 2.t.l05 
f mr.ap W.g Italy 1759. D s.l 
Ranunculacece. Sp. 1 — 2. 
Ija.mr Y .. Italy 1596. O co Bot. mag. 3 
Ranunculacece. Sp. 7 — 9. 
1 ja.mr Pk Austria 1596. D r.m Bot. mag. 8 
2 mr.ap G Britain woods. D co Eng. bot. 200 
If mr.ap Pu.g Hungary 1817. D s.l 
U mr.ap G Hungary 1817. D s.l 
li mr.ap G Hungary 1817. D s.l 
H f.ap G England cha.pa. D co 
1 jd.my Pu Corsica 1710. D p.l 
Ranunculacece. Sp. 1 — 2. 
i ap.my Br N. Amer. 1782. D p.l Bot. cab. 173 
8064 
PI. ra. h. 2. 1. 101 
Fjig. bot. 613 
Bot. mag. 72 
8073 
History, Use, Propagation, Culture, 
name of acris. Curtis says, that even pulling up the plant, and carrying it to some little distance, has produced a 
considerable inflammation in the palm of the hand : that cattle, in general, will not eat it ; yet that sometimes, 
when they are turned hungry into a new field of grass, or have but a small spot to range in, they will feed on 
it, and hence their mouths have become sore and blistered. According to Linnaeus, sheep and goats eat it j 
but kine, horses, and swine refuse it. When made into hay it loses its acrid quality, but then it seems to be 
too stalky and hard to afford much nourishment : if it be of any use it must be to correct, by its warmth, the 
insipidity of the grasses. In many pastures the flowering stems are left standing in vast abundance to dis- 
seminate their seeds : before they do that, they might easily be cut down with the scythe, or pulled up by wo- 
men and children after a shower, which would more effectually destroy the plants ; they should be gathered 
into heaps and burnt. It flowers in June and July, and is confounded vulgarly with the repens and bulbosus, 
under the name of butter-flower or butter-cups, under a notion that the yellow color of butter is owing to these 
plants. It is the richness and exuberance of the pasture that communicates this color, and not these flowers, 
which the cattle seldom or ever touch. It is frequent in gardens with a double flower, among other herbaceous 
perennials, under the name of yellow bachelor's buttons. 
R. aquatilis produces flowers which are sometimes very large, and make a handsome show in ponds and 
ditches : the curious variety in the floating and immersed leaves, occasioned by the depth and velocity of the 
stream, adds to the beauty of this common aquatic plant. Dr. Pulteney {Linn. Trans, vol. 5. p. 19.) con- 
tradicts the assertions of its deleterious qualities, and proves that it is not merely innoxious, but nutritive 
to cattle, and capable of being converted to useful purposes in agricultural economy. In the neighbourhood 
of Ringwood, on the borders of the Avon, some of the cottagers support their cows, and even horses, almost 
wholly by this plant. A man collects a quantity every morning, and brings it in a boat to the edge of the 
water, from which the cows eat it with great avidity, insomuch that they stint them, and allow only about 
twenty-five or thirty pounds to each cow daily. One man kept five cows and one horse so much on this plant 
with the little which the heath afforded, that they had not consumed more than half a ton of hay throughout 
the whole year, none being used except when the river is frozen over. Hogs also are fed with this plant, and 
improve so well on it, that it is not necessary to give them any other sustenance till they are put up to fatten. 
This property of water-crowfoot is the more remarkable, as all the species have been deemed acrimonious, 
and some of them are, without doubt, highly so. It is probable this species is rendered inert as a poison by 
growing in the water ; although it must be confessed, that in other instances moisture heightens the deleterious 
property of vegetables, especially in the umbelliferous tribe. 
