194 
MONADELPHIA POLYANDRIA 
Class XV I. 
9953 Sasanqua W. 
13 plena 
9954 japonica IV. 
Lady Banks's 
double 
common 
pr 4 f.n W 
pr 4 f.n Pk 
spl 10 my.jl R 
China 1811. I p.l Bot. reg. 12 
China 1818. I p.l Bot. reg. 547 
China 1739. C p.l 
Garden Varieties. 
1 single red 
*t_Jspl 
10 
my.jl 
R 
China 
1739. C 
2 single white 
« L_l spl 
10 
my.jl 
W 
China 
I 
3 semi-double red 
*lt i_)spl 
10 
my.jl 
R 
China 
I 
4 double red 
aatL_Jspl 
my.jl 
5 Middlemist's red 
*ti_Jspl 
10 
my.jl 
R 
China 
I 
6 Myrtle-leaved 
* L_J spl 
10 
my.jl 
R 
China 
I 
7 Loddiges' red 
*S l_J spl 
10 
my.jl 
R 
China 
8 Waratah 
«t L_J spl 
10 
my.jl 
R 
China 
... I 
9 variegated Waratah 
* uJ spl 
10 
my.jl 
St 
China 
10 Pffiony-flowcred 
1 i spl 
10 
my.jl 
Bl 
China 
11 double-striped 
ast i_j spl 
10 
my.jl 
Bl 
China 
1 
12 Kew blush 
^llspl 
10 
my.jl 
Bl 
China 
... I 
13 Hume's blush or buff Sis i 1 spl 
10 
my.jl 
W 
China 
... I 
14 double white 
*SL_JSpl 
10 
my.jl 
W 
China 
... I 
15 Welbank's 
«t 1 1 spl 
10 
mv.jl 
W 
China 
... 1 
16 Lady Long's 
fiEl_Jspl 
10 
my.jl 
R 
China 
... I 
17 Pompone 
4a i_j spl 
10 
myjl 
R 
China 
... I 
18 hexangular 
m i_j spl 10 
my.jl 
R 
China 
p.l 
p.l 
p.l 
p.l 
p.l 
p.l 
p. 
p.l 
p.l 
p.l 
p.l 
p.l 
p.l 
p.l 
p.l 
p.l 
p.l 
9950 
9951 
Bot. mag. 42 
Bot. cab. 633 
Bot. rep. 559 
Bot. rep. 199 
Bot. mag. 1670 
Bot. cab. 537 
Bot. reg. 887 
Bot. rep. 91 
Bot. reg. 22 
Bot. reg. 112 
Bot. rep. 25 
Bot. reg. 708 
Bot. reg. 633 
Bot. cab. 596 
9952 
History, Use, Propagation, Culture, 
names by which tea is known, the Chinese know nothing ; and the compounds and names are supposed to be 
made and given by the merchants at Canton, who, from the great number of varieties brought to them, have 
an ample opportunity of doing so. Formerly it v. as thought that green tea was gathered exclusively from 
C. viridis ; but that is now doubtful : though it is certain there is what is called the green tea district, and the 
black tea district ; and the varieties grown in the one district difFer from those grown in the other. Dr. 
Abel was told by competent persons, that either of the two plants will afford the black or green tea of the 
shops, but that the broad thin-leaved plant (C. viridis) is preferred for making the green tea. 
The tea leaves being gathered, are cured in houses which contain from five to ten or twenty small furnaces, 
about three feet high, each having at the top a large flat iron pan. There is also a long low table covered with 
mats, on which the leaves are laid, and rolled by workmen, who sit round it : the iron pan being heated to a 
certain degree by a little fire made in the furnace underneath, a few pounds of the fresh-gathered leaves are 
put upon the pan ; the fresh and juicy leaves crack when they touch the pan, and it is the business of the 
operator to shift them as quick as possible with his bare hands, till they become too hot to be easily endured. 
At this instant he takes off the leaves with a kind of shovel resembling a fan, and pours them on the mats 
before the rollers, who, taking small quantities at a time, roll them in the palm of their hands in one 
direction, while others are fanning them, that they may cool the more speedily, and retain their curl the 
longer. This process is repeated two or three times, or oftener, before the tea is put into the stores, in order 
that ^11 the moisture of the leaves may be thoroughly dissipated, and their curl more completely preserved. 
On every repetition the pan is less heated, and the operation performed more closely and cautiously. The tea 
is then separated into the different kinds, and deposited in the store for domestic use or exportation. 
The different sorts of black and green arise not merely from soil, situation, or the age of the leaf ; but after 
winnowing the tea, the leaves are taken up in succession as they fall ; those nearest the machine being the 
heaviest, are the gunpowder tea ; the light dust the worst, being chiefly used by the lower classes. That which 
is brought down to Canton then urfdergoes a second roasting, winnowing, packing, &c., and many hundred 
women are employed for these purposes. 
As more select sorts of tea, the blossoms of the C. sasanqua appear to be collected; the buds also appear to 
be gathered in some cases. By far the strongest tea which Dr. Abel tasted in China, was that called yutien, 
used on occasions of ceremony. It scarcely colored the water, and on examination was found to consist of 
buds and half expanded leaves of the plant. 
As substitutes for tea used by the Chinese, may be mentioned a species of moss common to the mountains 
of Shan-tung, an infusion of ferns of different sorts, and Dr. Abel thinks the leaves of the common camellia 
and oil camellia may be added. Du Halde observes, that all the plants called tea by the Chinese, are not to 
be considered as the true tea plant ; and Ka?mpfer asserts, that in Japan a species of CameUia, as well as the 
Olea fragrans, is used to give it a high flavor. 
The oil-bearing Camellia, C. oldifera, is cultivated for its seeds, from which an oil is expressed, in very 
general use in the domestic economy of China. It grows best in a red sandy soil, attaining the height of six 
or eight feet, and producing a profusion of white blossoms and seeds. These seeds, as well as those of any of 
the other species, are reduced to a coarse powder, which is stewed or boiled in bags- and then pressed, when 
the oil is yielded. {Br. AbeVs Nar. 176.) 
The culture of the tea Camellias in our greenhouses is very simple. The plants are very hardy, and may be 
preserved in a pit without fire-heat ; they grow in loamy soil, or loam and peat well drained, and increase 
freely by layers, or cuttings of the young wood taken oft" when it begins to ripen, planted in sand, and 
covered with a hand-glass in a cool frame or pit. 
C. japonica, in the groves and gardens of Japan, is a lofty tree, much admired for its fine form, rich clothing 
of shining deep green foliage, and elegant red or white flowers, single or double. It is equally admired in 
