Class XIX. SYNGENESIA, 663 
16&4. Marshallia. Recept. paleaceous. Pappus of 5 membranous acuminate palece, Invol. imbricated; 
scales somewhat lanceolate, incumbent. 
1695. Spitanthes. Recept. paleaceous, conical. Pappus with 2 awns, one smaller than the other. Invol. 
nearly equal. 
Salmea. Recept. conical, paleaceous. Pappus with 2 awns. Pericarps depressed. Invol. imbricated. 
1697. Bidens. Involucre of many leaves, with many foliaceous bracteas at the base. Receptacle plane, 
chaffy. Cor. sometimes radiant. Pericarps crowned with from 2-5 persistent awns, which are rough, with 
minute deflexed bristles. 
1698. Platypteris. Invol. many-leaved, imbricated, squarrose. Recept. convex, paleaceous. Pericarps 
compressed, winged, with 2 awns at top. 
1699. Lagascea. Invol. 1-leaved, tubular, 1-flowered, divided at end. Floret tubular, hermaphrodite. 
Pericarps linear, cuneate, compressed. Pappus a small fringed crown. 
1700. Lavenia. Recept. naked. Pappus with 3 awns, glandular at end, Invol. ovate, somewhat imbri- 
cated. 
1701. Cacalia. Recept. naked. Pappus pilose. Invol. cylindrical, oblong, at the base only with bracteolje. 
1702. Kleinia. Recept. naked. Pappus hairy. Invol. simple, equal, 5-leaved. 
1703. Ethulia. Recept. naked. Pappus a very narrow rim. Invol. equal, in a double row. 
1704. Piqueria. Recept. naked. Invol. equal, 4-leaved, 4-flowered, Pappus none. Pericarps pentagonal. 
1705. Chrysocoma. Recept. naked. Pappus simple. Invol. hemispherical, imbricated. Style scarcely longer 
than florets. 
1706. Tarchoruinthus. Recept. villous^ Pericarps enveloped in hair. Invol. 1-Ieaved, half 7-fid, turbinate. 
1707. Galea. Recept. paleaceous. Pappus hairy. Invol. imbricated. 
1708. Isocarpha. Recept. paleaceous conical, the outer pale£e forming the involucrum. Pappus O. Anthers 
not spurred at base. Stigmas with a long appendage. 
1709. Petrobium. Recept. paleaceous, flattish. Invol. many-leaved, in 2 rows : outer row shortest. Peri- 
carps angular. Pappus awned. 
1710. Neurolcena. Recept. paleaceous, flattish. Pappus capillary, toothletted, persistent. Invol. imbricated, 
leafy. Anthers awnless at the base. 
Ylll. Humea. Recept. minute, glandular. Pappus none. Invol. loosely imbricated, membranous. Florets 
about 3, tubular. Anthers awned. 
1712. Ccesulia. Recept. paleaceous : paleee enveloping the pericarps. Pappus O. Invol. 3-leaved. 
1713. Ixodia. Recept. paleaceous. Pappus O. Invol. imbricated : inner scales radiant colored. 
1714. Santolina. Recept. paleaceous. Pappus O. Invol. imbricated, hemispherical. 
1715. Otanthus. Invol. hemispherical imbricated. Florets with 2 appendages at base. Recept. convex, 
paleaceous. Pappus O. 
1716. Calcacte. The same as Galea, but it has a radius of ligular female florets. 
1717. Athanasia. Recept. paleaceous. Papijus paleaceous, very short. Invol. imbricated. 
1718. Balsamita. Recept. naked. Pappus O. Invol. imbricated. 
1719. Pentzia. Recept. naked. Pappus a membranous torn rim. Invol. imbricated, hemispherical. 
SUPERFLUA. 
\ Florets of the disk hermaphrodite : of the ray female. 
1720. Tanacetum. Invol. hemispherical, imbricated. Recept. naked. Florets of the ray trifid, obsolete 
sometimes wanting. Pericarps crowned with a membranous margin or pappus. 
1721. Artemisia. Invol. ovate or rounded, imbricated. Recept. naked (or downy, Sm.). Florets of the ray 
subulate. Pericarps crowned with a membranaceous pappus. 
1722. Gnaphalium. Recept. naked. Pappus hairy or feathery. Invol. imbricated : marginal scales round, 
scarious, colored. 
1723. Leontopodium. Heads sessile in the leaves. Invol. woolly. Florets 5-fid. Pappus pencilled or hairy. 
Otherwise Guaphalium. 
1724. Evax. Heads surrounded by bracteae. Invol. ovate, imbricated, with appressed acuminate scales. 
Florets of disk 4-toothed : of the ray not toothed. Recept. subulate, paleaceous. Pericarps of the female 
flowers without pappus. 
1725. Antennaria. Recept. scrobiculate. Pappus capillary. Invol. imbricated, scarious, colored. Anthers 
spurred at base. Florets dioecious. 
1726. Metalasia. Invol. cylindrical, radiant colored. Pappus deciduous, capillary, clavate. Florets few, 
hermaphrodite. Otherwise as Gnaphalium. 
1727. Astelma. Recept. naked. Pappus feathery, sessile : rays connate at base. Invol. imbricated : with 
scarious scaleSj the interior of which are connivent. 
1728. Athrixia. Heads radiant. Invol. obi. imbricated, awned, squarrose. Florets bilabiate. Pappus 
feathery. Recept. alveolate. 
1729 Xeranthemum. Recept. paleaceous. Pappus paleaceous-setaceous. Invol. imbricated, radiated : with 
a colored ray. 
1730. Elichrysum. Recept. naked. Pappus hairy or feathery. Invol. imbricated, radiated : ray colored. 
1731. Carpesium. Recept. naked. Pappus O. Invol. imbricated, with the outer scales reflexed. 
1732. Baccharis. Recept. na-ked. Pappus pilose. Invol. imbricated, cylindrical. Female florets mixed 
with the hermaphrodite ones. 
1733. Molina. Invol. campanulate, imbricated. Pappus feathery. Recept. convex, naked, dotted. Flowers 
dioecious. 
1734. Conyza. Invol. roundish, imbricated. Recept. naked. Florets of the ray 3 cleft. Pappus rough. 
1735. Madia. Recept. naked. Pappus O. Invol. double : outer 8-10-leaved, equal, longer than the inner, 
which is many-leaved. 
1736. Erigeron. Invol. imbricated. Recept. naked. Florets of the ray numerous, very narrow, mostly of a 
different color from the disk. Pappus simple. 
1737. Tussilago. Invol. simple, equal, submembranaceous, swelling. Recept. naked. Pappus simple. 
1738. Senecio. Invol. subcylindrical, equal, scaly below; the scales withered at the tip. Recept. naked. 
Pappus simple. 
1739. Aster. Invol. imbricated, its lowermost scales spreading (except in A. trifolium). Recept. naked. 
Florets of the ray more than 10. Pappus simple. 
1740. Solidago. Invol. imbricated, its scales connivent. Recept naked. Florets of the ray (of the same 
colour as the disk) about 5. Pappus rough. 
1741. Cineraria. Recept. naked. Pappus simple. Invol. simple, many-leaved, equal. 
1742. Calolis. Recept. naked. Pericaq)s crowned witli two opposite paleas and 1-3-barbed awns. Invol. 
nearly equal, many-leaved, in a single or double row. 
1743. Kaulfussia. Invol. simple : leaflets keeled. Recept. naked, convex. Pappus of the ray a minute 
fringed rim ; of the disk stiff and feathery. 
1744. Inula. Invol. imbricated. Recept. naked. Florets of tlie ray very numerous, linear. Anthers with 
2 bristles at the base. Pappus simply composed of hairs. 
1745. Pulicaria. Invol. roundish, imbricated : scales linear, acuminate. Recept. naked. Pappus com- 
pound : outer a membranous cu[) ; inner setaceous. Pericarps uniform. 
1746. Grindclia. Recept. naked. Paupus setaceous, deciduous. Invol. imbricated, iiemisphericnl. 
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