Order II. 
SYNGENESIA SUPERFLUA. 
73J 
12427 Leaves opposite close spatulate oblong silky, Scales of invol. setaceous hirsute 
12428 Leaves alternate obi. lane, amplexlcaul. entire hirsute, Invol. leafy mucronate 
12429 Invol. bluntly leafy sessile axillary, Leaves oblong blunt alternate nearly entire, Stem dicliotomous 
124.30 Invol. bluntly leafy stalked, Lvs. alternate spatulate, Stem herbaceous 
12431 Leaves alternate obl.-lanc. subserrated o-nerved villous, Invol. naked. Stem herbaceous 
124.'32 Leaves alternate lane, somewhat toothletted smooth, Invol. naked, Stem herbaceous 
12433 Leaves alternate : lower stalked cordate doubly serrated : upper sess. ovate serrated, Stems herbaceous 
FR USTUANEA. 
12434 Leaves all cordate 3-nerved, Pedunc. thick. Heads cernuous 
12435 Leaves all cordate 3-nerved, Pedunc. evensized, Invol. leafy 
12436 Leaves cordate cuneate at base villous 3-nerved, Pedunc. thick fistular 
12437 Leaves ovate acuminate narrowed at base unequally serrate scabrous, Pedunc. filiform, Rays obovate 
1243S Leaves 3-nerved scabrous : lower cordate ; upper ovate, Ray many-fl. Scales of invol. lanceolate 
12439 Leaves 3-nerved scabrous : lower cordate-ovate ; upper ovate acum. alternate, Petioles ciliated at base 
12440 Stems slender about 1-headed, Leaves linear revolute at edge rough 
12441 Leaves ovate acuminate 3-nerved serrated scabrous above hoary beneath, Invol. squarrose 
12442 Leaves ovate acuminate 3-nerved closely serrated scabi'ous above : hoary and soft beneath 
12443 Lvs. ov. acum. remotely serrat. 3-nerv. scabr. Scales of invol. lane, nearly equal subciliated, Rays 10 or 12 
12444 Lvs. lane, acuminate scabr. serrated 3-nerved : upper entire, Scales of invol. lane, ciliated. Stem procumb. 
12445 Lvs. ovate acuminate serrated 3-nerved scabrous beneath, Scales of invol. lin. lane, ciliated at base 
12446 Lvs. altern. lane. serr. scabr. 3-nerved narrow, at end stalked. Petioles ciliated, Scales of invol. lane, ciliat. 
12447 Lvs. altern. lane. serr. scabr. obsol. 3-nerv. narrow, at each end subsess. ciliat. at base, Scales of inv. lane. cil. 
12448 Smooth, Stem panicled. Branches few-flowered at top, Lvs. sessile very long entire : lower serrated 
12449 Stem hispid spreading. Leaves ovate rigid scabrous. Peduncles very long 1 .flowered 
12450 Leaves altern. or opp. sessile linear revolute at edge entire 1-nerved, Heads corymbose 
12451 Leaves ov. lane, acuminate serrated 3-ncrved very rough on each side, Scales of invol. lin. lane, ciliated 
12452 Leaves altern. lane, serrated scabrous 3-nerved narrowed at each end woolly at base. Stem vill. in 2 rows 
124.^3 Leaves amplexicaul. Heads on long stalks, Disk of head dark purple 
12454 Stem erect hairy, Lvs. stalked 3-lobed very rough, Invol. hairy. Pappus with 2 setae 
12455 Stem smooth much branched, Lvs. opp. sessile lane, ovate 3-nerved, Panicle trichotomous slender few-fl. 
12456 Leaves subsess. cordate ovate 3.nerved amplexicaul. closely serrated downy. Scales of invol. lane, villous 
12457 Leaves opp. spatulate crenate 3-nerved scabrous. Scales of invol. erect the lengtJi of disk 
12458 Leaves oblong-lanceolate subserrate, Heads 1-3, Ray 8-flowcred 
[hispid 
12459 Lvs. all pinnat. : one or other of the lower pinnjE 2-parted ; the rest undivided, Pappus ent. Stem furrowed 
12460 Rad. lvs. pinn. : leaflets sessile lane, toothed somewhat cut ; upper confluent, Pap;)us entire 
12461 Rad. lvs. pinn. : leaflets ovate unequal at base about 3-lobed toothed. Pappus 4-toothed 
12462 Stem upright simple few-fl. at top. Leaves pinnatifid cut : segm. linear, Invol. simple 5-leavcd 
12463 Stem branchcni. Branches erect many-fl. Lvs. obi. lane, acute serrated : lower 3-lobed 
12464 Leaves spatulate : lower 3-lobed ; ui)per undivided 
12465 Leaves undivided spatulate ovate 3-nerved serrated hairy, Reccpt. conical. Pales lanceolate 
12466 Leaves obi. lane, toothletted hispid narrowed at base subcordate, Recept. hemispherical, Paleaj larjceolate 
12467 Quite smooth. Peduncles long 1 .headed, Lvs. ovate-lanc. acuminate each way 3-nerved 
12468 Leaves obi. lane, cordate amplexicaul. : lower serrated, Disk cylindrical conical 
13469 Leaves lane, ovate alternate undivided, Rays bifid 
12470 Stem hispid, Lov/er leaves broad-ovate taiiered at base remotely toothed very rougli, Rays 3-toothed 
and Miscellaneous Particulars. 
This genus has given rise to a most important and extensive tribe of plants, the Helianthea2, which i? 
at once the most numerous of the various tribes of Composite, and on account of its strict affinity with 
several others, the most difficult to characterize with precision. Although it is perfectly natural, yet there 
is scarcely a character belonging to it which is not subject to many exceptions, and to more or less im- 
portant modifications. Almost all the species of Heliantheaa are natives of America, several of Asia, a 
few of Africa, and scarcely any of Europe. They appear to be entirely unknown in the southern parts of the 
world. 
1799. Gymnolomia. From yv/ji.vot, naked, and Xm/j^cc, an edge ; in allusion to the nature of the margin of 
the grains. 
1800. Rudbeckia. Named after the famous Olaus Rudbeck, professor of botany at Upsal, who died of grief 
in 1702, at witnessing the destruction by fire of his laborious work, called Campi Elysii, which was neverthe- 
less published in 1701 and 2, by the diligence of his son. He is also celebrated for having made the discovery 
that the Paradise of Scripture was situated somewhere in Sweden. Handsome border annuals or perennials. 
K. purpurea is remarkable for bearing purple flowers. 
