772 
MONGECIA MONANDRIA. 
Cr,Ass XXI. 
o.n 
t'.n 
1936. CASUARI'NA. W. Casuarina. Casuarinece. 
13034 equ-isetifoiia W. Horse-tail 5 i \ or 15 
13035 stricta W. upright ^ i | or 15 
13036 d'lstyla W. two-styled f t_J or 15 
13037 torulosa W. Cork-barked f i | or 15 
13038 quadrivalvis P. S. four-valved ^ \ | or 18 
13039 muricata Roxb. muricated 5 i | or 15 
13040 nodiflora W. knot-flowered 9 \ I or 15 
1937. CERATOCAR'PUS. W. Ceratocarpus. 
13041 arenarius W. sand O un 
1938. ZANNICHEL'LIA. W. Pond Weed. 
13042 pal6stris W. 
marsh 
^ O w 
Ap 
Ap 
... Ap 
... Ap 
... Ap 
... Ap 
... Ap 
Ckenopodece 
jn.jl G 
Naiades. Sp. 1 — 3. 
jl Ap Britain 
Sp. 7—10. 
S. Sea Isl. 
N. S. W. 
N. HoU. 
N. S. W. 
N. S. W. 
E. Indies 
N. Caled. 
Sp. 1. 
Tartary 
1776. 
1775. 
1812. 
1772. 
1812. 
1822. 
1823. 
1757. S 
S s.p 
Bot. cab. 607 
Bot. rep. 346 
Ve.des.pl. n. t.62 
La.no.ho.2.t.218 
Bu.in.ac.pe.l.t.9 
dit. S aq Eng. bot. 1844 
1939. LEM'NA. W. 
13043 tris61ca W. 
13044 minor W. 
13045 gibba W. 
13046 polyrhiza W. 
1940, ANGU'RIA. 
13047 trilobata JV. 
W. 
Duck Weed. 
Ivy-leaved 
lesser 
gibbous 
greater 
Anguria. 
three-lobed 
DIANDRIA. 
Aroidets. Sp. 4 — 11. 
^ O w ... my.jn Ap Britain 
^ O w ... jn.jl Ap Britain 
^ O w ... jn.jl Ap Britain 
i O w ... my.s Ap Britain 
CucurbitacecB. Sp. 1. 
fl_[Z3or 20 jn.jl Pk Carthag. 
sta.wa. S Lp 
sta.vva. S l.p 
sta.wa. S l.p 
dit. S l.p 
Eng. bot. 926 
Eng. bot. 1095 
Eng. bot. 1233 
Lng. bot. 215e 
1793. R l.p Jac. amer. 1. 156 
TRIANDRIA. 
Jack in a Box. 
1941. COMPTO'NIA. 
13048 asplenifolia W. 
1942. HERNAN'DIA 
13049 sonora W. 
13050 ovigera W. 
1943. AXY'RIS. W. 
13051 amaranthoides W. simple-spiked 
13052 hybrida W. bastard 
13053 prostrata W. trail 
W. COMPTONIA. 
Fern-leaved 
. W. 
peltate-leaved 
egg-fruited 
Axyris. 
Myricece. Sp. 1. 
or 4 mr.my Br N. Amer. 1714. 
Laurinece, Sp. 2 — 3. 
Sks.p Dend. brit. 166 
1 □ or 20 
t □ or 20 
Chenopodece. 
O un li jn.jl G 
O un 1| jn.au G 
^ O un I jl.au G 
13035* 
E. Indies 1691 
E, Indies 
Sp. 3—5. 
Siberia 
Siberia 
Siberia 
1758. 
1780. 
1798. 
Rum.amb.2. t.85 
Rum.am.3. t.l23 
Gmel.sib. t.2. f.2 
Gmel.sib.t.4. f.l 
Gmel.sib. t.5. f.2 
13043 13044 * ' ^ 13045 13046 
History, Use, Propagation, Culture, 
resembling that of the crumb of wlieaten bread mixed with Jerusalem Artichoke. The plant was first brought 
to England by the unfortunate Captain Bligh. A fresh supply has been more than once received, and there 
are now a number of plants in the nurseries about London. The bread-fruit, according to Sweet, is generally 
supposed to be difficult of cultivation in this country. He considers that the plants have been, in general, 
treated too tenderly, and not allowed sufficient air. " They appear," he says, " to be of the same nature as 
the Fig, to which they are nearly allied. Large cuttings root freely in a pot of sand, plunged under a hand- 
glass, in a moist heat, with all their leaves entire : if the leaves are shortened, it is a great chance if they 
succeed." {Bot. Cult. 19.) 
There are several varieties of the bread-fruit, as of all plants that have been long in cultivation. The 
principal of these varieties are without seeds ; the natives of Otaheite reckon at least eight, difFering in the 
form of the leaf and fruit. A. integrifolia is also by many considered a variety of the other ; for the leaves are 
sometimes lobed, and the situation of the fruit varies with the age of the tree, being first borne on the 
branches, then on the trunk, and finally on the roots. 
The bread-fruit is ripe in December, and is used boiled, or fried in Palm oil. Besides the use of the fruit, 
the economical purposes to which the other parts of the tree are applied are various. The wood is used in 
building boats and houses ; a cloth is made of the inner bark; the male catkins serve for tinder; the leaves 
for wrapping up food, and for wiping the hands instead of towels ; and the juice for making bird-lime, and a 
cement for filling up the cracks of vessels for holding water. According to Forster, three trees are supposed 
to yield sufficient nourishment for one person. 
The bread-fruit tree is distributed very extensively over the East Indian continent and islands, as well as the 
innumerable islands of the South Seas. In 1793 it was introduced to the West Indies, and subsequently to 
different parts of South America. Much has been said in praise of it by Europeans, and certainly, to the 
inhabitants of the South Sea Islands, it may be a valuable food, as the acorn was to the inhabitants of Britain, 
when they were in a certain state of civilization. But whether a civilized and refined people would esteem 
this fruit for their own use as highly as they do for the use of the semi-barbarians of the South Seas, is a 
point which may reasonably be doubted. 
1936. Casuarina. The name under which the tree is described by Rumphius, who probably called it so from 
the resemblance its foliage bears to the plumage of the casoar or cassowary of the same country. By the Malays 
it is called^teo, and by the South Sea Islanders club-wood, on account of the use of it for warlike weapons. 
Casuarina equisetifolia is a large spreading and lofty tree, with leaves, or rather branchlets, hanging down in 
bunches from twelve to eighteen inches in length, like a long head of hair, or a horse's tail, all jointed from 
top to bottom. The appearance of the whole tree is very remarkable. It was introduced by the first Lord 
Byron. 
