792 
MONOSCIA POLYANDRIA. 
Class XXI. 
15355 hybridum W. sweet A or 
13356 caudatum W. smooth shrubbyst i | or 
13357 spin6sum W. prickly shrubbytt. i | or 
1991. AMIRO'LA. Pers. Amirola. 
13358 nitida Pcrs. shiningJeaved ^ □ or 
1992. ACIDO'TON. W. Acidoton. 
13359 urens W. stinging Ok CD an 
1993. THELY'GONUM. W. Thelygonum. 
13360 Cynocrambe W. Dog's-cabbage -ik O un 
1994. CASTA'NEA. W. Ches.vut. 
13361 vesca W. 
13362 pumila W. 
1995. O'STRYA. W. 
13363 vulgaris TV. 
13364 virginica W. 
1996. CARPI'NUS. 
13365 Betulus W. 
(2 incisa 
13366 americana W. 
13367 orientalis W. 
1997. FA'GUS. W. 
13368 sylvatica W. 
0 atro-rUbcns Duroi purple-leaved 
y S. incisa W. Fern-leaved 
13369 ferruginea W. 
1998. CO'RYLUS. W. 
13370 Avellana VV. 
2 jn.jl G France 1683. 
3 ja.ap G Canaries 1779. 
2 ap.au G Levant 1595. 
Terehintacece. Sp. 1. 
24 Peru 1S24. 
Sp.l. 
Jamaica 1793. 
... G 
Urticece. Sp. 1. 
W. 
common 5^ 
dwarf 5^ 
HoP-HoRNBEAM. 
common ^ 
American jf 
Hornbeam. 
common ^ 
cut- leaved t 
American $ 
eastern x 
Beech. 
common ^ 
/3 alba 
y ricbra 
h grdndis^ 
t glomcrdta 
i cris'pa 
13371 tubulosa VV. 
American J 
Not-Tree, 
Common Hazels 
White Filbert 
Bed Filbert ^ 
Cob Sk 
clustered 
frixzled St 
Lambert's 
tm 50 
my.jn G 
or 
12 
jl G.Y 
Amentacece. 
or 
20 
my Ap 
or 
20 
my.jn Ap 
A77ientaccc€. 
tra 30 
mr.my Ap 
or 
15 
mr.my Ap 
or 
20 
... Ap 
or 
12 
... Ap 
Amentacece. 
tm 70 
ap.my Ap 
or 
30 
ap.my Ap 
or 
10 
ap.my Ap 
or 
30 
my.jn Ap 
Amentacece. 
fr 
10 
fap Ap 
fr 
10 
fap Ap 
fr 
10 
f.ap Ap 
fr 
8 
fap Ap 
ft 
8 
fap Ap 
fr 
8 
fap Ap 
fr 
10 
mr.ap Ap 
S. Europe 1710. 
Sp. 2. 
England woods. 
N. Amer. 1699. 
Sp. 2—4. 
Italy 1724. 
N. Amer. 1692. 
Sp. 3 — 5. 
Britain woods. 
N. Amer. 1812. 
Levant 1739. 
Spl. 
Britain woods. 
D co 
S p.l 
S p.l 
C p.l 
C l.p 
S CO 
S s.l 
S p.l 
L s.l 
L s.l 
S CO 
L CO 
S CO 
L CO 
Barr. ic. t. 632 
Moris.s.8.t.l8,f5 
Slo.jam.l.t.83.fl 
Lam. ill. t 777 
Eng. bot. 886 
Mich, arb.2. t.7 
Dend. brit. 143 
Abb. ins. 2. t. 75 
Eng. bot. 2032 
Dend. brit. 1.57 
Dend. brit. 98 
N. Amer, 1766. 
Sp. 5—7. 
Britain woods. S co 
L CO 
S CO Eng. bot. 1846 
L CO 
G s.l 
L s.l 
Mich. arb. 2. t. 9 
Eng. bot. 72.3 
13360 P 13361^ 13362 
History, Use, Propagation, Culture, 
repute. The leaves when bruised smell like cucumbers, and taste something like the parings of that fruit; 
they are sometimes put into salads. All the species are of the easiest culture. 
1991. Amirola. A word with an unknown meaning. The Peruvians form the shining black seeds of Amirola 
nitida into rosaries. 
1992. Acidoton. From (tmi^Mrit?, pointed ; in allusion to the stinging pointed hairs of the leaves. 
1993. Thelygonum. A name under which Pliny described a plant which appears to have been Mercurialis. 
It was derived from 5->?Xy?, a woman, and yow, a knee, because of its joints, which where thought to resemble 
a woman's knee. Cyno-crambe, literally interpreted dog-cabbage, was the Greek name of Mercurialis 
perennis. 
1994. Castanea. A native of the territory of Castanea, a town of Thessaly, near theborders of the river Peneus, 
where magnificent chesnut trees .still are found. The chesnut, Chdtagnier, Fr., Castanienbaum, Ger,, Castagno, 
Ital,, is, like the walnut, both a timber and a fruit tree; some of the oldest trees in the world are of this 
species ; as that mentioned by Brydone on Etna, and the chesnut at Tortworth, in Gloucestershire. The fruit 
is generally eaten roasted ; abroad, it is not only boiled and roasted, but ground into meal, and i)uddings, 
cakes, and bread are made from it. The timber is thought to have been formerly in very general use for house 
carpentry, though some consider what is generally called chesnut in our old buildings as oak. It is one of the 
best trees for hop poles, and scarcely any other is now planted in Kent and other hop districts for that purpose. 
Some excellent fruit-bearing varieties have been lately imported from France ; these are increased by grafting 
or budding in the usual methods, but the plants for coppice woods or timber are best raised from nuts. There 
is a variety with striped leaves which is very ornamental. The most esteemed of the French kinds are called 
Marron, a word which in old French literally signifies a substance, which it must be confessed the fruit is not 
unlike. 
The American chesnut differs so little from the European, that no specific distinction can be drawn. It is 
one of the largest and most useful trees of the forests, the wood being extremely durable, and in high esteem 
for posts and rails to construct fences. The nuts are very delicious, Tlie Castanea pumila or Chinquapin nut, 
is a small tree, or rather shrub, growing to the height of thirty feet in the southern states, but scarcely exceed- 
ing seven or eight in cold latitudes. The fruit is very sweet and agreeable to eat. 
1995. Ostrya. So called from oo-leuv, a scale, in allusion to the scaly catkins of the fruit, which resemble 
those of the hop, whence the plants are called Hop-Hornbeam. The wood of Ostrya virginica is exceedingly 
hard and heavy, whence it is generally known in America under the name of Iron- wood. In some parts it is 
called Lever-wood. 
199S. Carpinus. From the Celtic words car, wood, and pin, the head ; that is to say, wood fit for the yokes 
of cattle. The wood is white, and of a fine close texture, which makes it peculiarly fit to be wrought into the 
