Order VII. 
MONCECIA POLYANDRIA. 
795 
13372 Cal. of fruit roundish campan. larger than nut. Limb dilated tooth serrated, Lvs. roundish cord, acumin. 
13373 Stip. lin. lane. Cal. of fruit camp. tubuL larger than nut 2-parted : seg. cut toothed, Lts. obi. ovate acumin. 
13374 Stip. lane. acum. Cal, of fruit double : outer rnany-parted ; inn. 3-part. Seg. palm. Lvj. roundish ov. cordate 
13375 Leaflets about nine oval smooth subserrated nearly equal, Fruit globose 
13376 Leaflets numerous lanceolate serrated beneath with the petioles downy. Fruit globose dotted rough 
13377 Leaflets numerous oblong lanceolate serrated soft with down beneath. Petioles viscid. Fruit oblong ovate 
13378 Leaflets numerous lanceolate serrated, the odd one with a long stalk. Fruit oblong 4-cornered 
13379 Leafl. about 9 lanceolate acuminate serrate downy beneath : the odd one sess. Fruit roundish with 4 keels 
13380 Leaflets 7"obl. lane, acuminate serrated rough and downy beneath : the odd one sess. Fruit squarish smooth 
13381 Leafl. 7 obi. lane. acum. serr. downy beneath and soft : the odd one sess. Fruit ov. Nuts oblique compressed 
13382 Leaflets about 9 ovate-oblong acum. finely serrated smooth on each side; the odd one with a short stalk 
13383 Leaflets 7 ovate acuminate serrated smooth on each side with resinous dots beneath. Nuts obcord. smooth 
13384 Leaflets 7 ovate acuminate serrated smooth on each side with resinous dots beneath. Fruit and nuts oblong 
A. Leaves entire, or little toothed. 
13385 Leaves membranaceous linear lane, tapering at each end entire smooth with a small point. Nut roundish 
13386 Leaves coriaceous elliptical-lanceolate entire smooth with a small point, Nut roundish 
13387 Lv. lanc.-obl. somewhat wavy obt. at the base rather dilated upwards silky beneath. Nut almost globular 
13388 Lvs. coriac. ellipt.-obl. revol. ent. pointless obt. at base clothed with starry down ben. Fr. stalk. Nut oblong 
13389 Lvs. coriac. ellipt.-lanc. revol. ent. blunt, with a small point clothed with starry down beneath. Fruit sessile. 
Nut nearly globose 
13390 Leaves elliptical oblong acute at each end entire almost sessile downy beneath. Nut nearly globose 
13391 Leaves obovate entire smooth nearly sessile tapering at the base. Nut roundish even 
13392 Leaves obovate entire shining somewhat heart-shaped at the base downy and yellow beneath 
B. Leaves toothed spiny. 
13393 Leaves elliptical coriaceous entire or serrated very downy beneath, Bark even, Nut cylindrical elongated 
13394 Leaves ovate-oblong acute coriaceous entire or serrated hoary beneath, Bark even. Nut ovate 
13395 Leaves ovate-oblong bluntish coiiaceous entire or sharply serrated downy beneath, Bark crarked fungous 
13396 Lvs. ellipt.-obl rigid smooth on both sides with spread, brist. spin, teeth. Nut ov. Cal. with spread, point, sc. 
13397 Leaves roundish ellipt. nearly sess. undulated with deep spin, divaricat. teeth densely downy beneath 
somewhat heart-shaped at the base 
and Miscellaneous Particulars. 
2000. Quercus. This name is derived from the Celtic quer, fine, and cuex, a tree ; it was so called, in dis- 
tinction to other trees, because the holy misseltoe grew upon it : otherwise the common name of the oak in 
Celtic was dcrw, -whence druids, and the Greek l^v;. Phellos was the Greek name of the cork, Q. suber. 
Gramuntia has derived its name from growing in the wood of Grammont, near Montpelier. Suber is 
generally thought to have been formed from the Latin sub, under, because the bark was used by the Roman 
women as sandals, both for keeping their feet dry, and increasing their stature ; but Vossius is of opinion, that 
it comes from trvipa.^, the Greek name of bark of any kind. Coccifera has been so called because the little 
insect, coccus, which affords the well-known kermes dye, is found upon it. Kermes itself is an alteration of 
qermez, which signifies in Arabic, a little woi'm j the same people called the red dye qermexy, whence our 
Norman-English word cramoisye. Robur is an alteration of rove, a Celtic synonym of the oak. ^gilops, 
literally goat's-beard, was so called on account of the long truss or beard-like lichens which were frequently 
found hanging suspended from it. 
The oak is a genus of trees familiar to man in the temperate zones of both hemispheres. Q. Robur, now valued 
for its timber and bark, and formerly for its acorns, is familiar to every Briton. There are two distinct varieties 
or subspecies ; Q. sessiliflora and pedunculata, and another Q. pubescens. Q. pedunculata is thought to be 
the common oak of England, being much more frequent in natural woods than the others. The timber of this 
variety is said to be whitish and hard, while that of the sessile-fruited is reddish and brittle. The bark of this 
and all the hardy species of oak is or may be used by the tanner. Oak saw-dust is the principal indigenous veget- 
able used in dyeing fustian ; and different shades of drab and brown are also made from it. Oak-api)les are used 
in dyeing as a substitute for galls ; the black got from them by the addition of copperas is more beautiful than 
that from galls, but not so durable. These galls are occasioned by an insect of the Cynips kind, which 
deposits its eggs in the substance of the leaf. When the bark of the oak has performed its office to the tanner, 
it is employed by the gardener to produce heat by its fermentation. Oak leaves are also used for the same 
purpose. When a great proportion of the island was in forest, acorns were of importance for feeding swine ; 
they are still valued for this purpose in districts where the oak abounds, as in Hampshire and Northampton- 
shire. Q. cerris is a very handsome tree, and the timber is considered nearly as valuable as that of the common 
oak. The Lucombe (from the name of the nurseryman who raised it) and Fulham (from the name of the 
nursery where it was first originated) varieties are nearly evergreens; they retain their verdure till Christmas, 
and remain on the tree in a brown or withered state till April or May following. 
Q. ooccinea is one of the handsomest of the American oaks j the leaves, which are six inches long, change in 
