796 
MONCECIA POLYANDRIA. 
Cr.AS3 XXI. 
13398 lusitaiiica W. Portugal ' 
133'J9 Prino'ides W. Dwarf Chesnut ? 
Chin'quapiii Ph. 
13400 infect6rLi W. 
13401 Turneri W. 
13402 Pr'inus Ph. 
13403 bicolor Ph. 
tm 40 Jn 
or 3 jn 
Ap 
Portugal 1824. G s.l Cav. ic. 2. 1. 129 
N. Amer. 1823. G s.l Mi.querc. t.9. f.l 
13404 montana Ph. 
13405 aquatica Ph. 
13406 nana Ph. 
13407 Castanea Ph. 
13408 nigra Ph. 
13409 triloba Ph. 
13410 stellata W. 
obtusiloba Mich. 
13411 hemisphaj'rica Ph. 
13412 elongata JF. 
falcata Mich. 
13413 tinctoria Ph. 
13414 discolor Ph. 
13415 rubra Ph. 
13416 heterophylla Ph. 
13417 coccinea PA. 
13418 Catesbce'i W. 
13419 palustris PA. 
13420 macrocar'pa Ph. 
13421 Banisteri Mich. 
13422 ^'gilops W^. 
13423 alba Ph. 
/3 repdnda Mich. 
13424 E'sculus ^F. 
13425 Robur fF. 
Q. sessiliflora Sm. 
13426 pedunculata W. 
13427 pubescens IF. 
13428 fastigiata Lam. 
13429 Tauzin iam. 
13430 Cerris W. 
bulldta 
<y sinudta 
6 exoniensis 
£ sempefvirens 
t dentdta 
13431 austriaca W. 
RockChesnut ^ 
water ^ 
dwarf 5i! 
Yellow tfc 
black ^ 
downy-black ^ 
Iron 
tm 40 
tm 40 
tm 60 
tm 60 
tra 50 
tm 40 
or 12 
tm 60 
or 20 
tm 80 
tm 60 
my.jn Ap 
mT.jn Ap 
my.jn Ap 
niy Ap 
Ap 
Ap 
Ap 
Ap 
Ap 
Ap 
Levant 1823. G co 
G CO 
N. Amer. 1730. S s.l 
N. Amer. 1811. S s.l 
Mich, arb. 2. t. 7 
Mich. arb. 2. t. 6 
my 
my 
my 
my 
my 
my 
liemiepherical 
Spanish 
Quercitron 
two-colored 
champion 
various-leaved 
scarlet 
barren scrub 
marsh 
over-cup white ^ 
Banister's m. 
Velonia ^ 
white ^ 
repatid-leaued ^ 
Italian ^ 
sessile-fruited x 
common 
durmast 3£ 
Cypress-oak J 
hoary J 
Turkey ^ 
rough-leaved 5f 
narrow-leaved x 
L.ucombe J 
Fulham f 
toothed f 
Austrian ^ 
or 10 my 
tm 50 my 
tm 70 
tm 60 
tm 40 
tm 40 
tm 50 
or 15 
tm 60 
tm 40 
or 6 
tm 20 
tm 60 
tm 60 
tm 40 
tm 60 
tm 60 
tm 40 
tm 40 
tm 40 
tm 50 
tm 50 
tm 50 
tm 50 
tm 50 
tm 50 
tm 40 
my 
my 
my 
my 
my 
my 
my 
my 
my 
my 
my 
my 
Ap 
Ap 
Ap 
Ap 
Ap 
Ap 
Ap 
Ap 
Ap 
Ap 
Ap 
Ap 
Ap 
Ap 
Ap 
N. Amer. 1800. S 6.1 Mich. arb. 2. 1 8 
N. Amer, 1723, S 8.1 Mich, arb.2. tl7 
N. Amer. 1738. S s.l Abb. ins. 2. t. 59 
N. Amer. 1822. S s.l 
N. Amer. 1739. S 8.1 Mich, arb.2. t.l8 
N. Amer. 1600. S s.l Mich.querc. t.26 
N. Amer. 1819. S s.l Mich, querc. 1. 1 
N. Amer. ... 
N. Amer. ... 
N. Amer. 1800. 
N. Amer. 1763. 
N. Amer. 1739. 
N. Amer. ... 
N. Amer. 1691. 
N. Amer. 1823. 
N. Amer. 1800. 
S 6.1 
S 6.1 
S s.l 
S 8.1 
S s.l 
S s.l 
Mich.querc. t.24 
Mich.querc. t.25 
Mich, arb.2. t.26 
Mich, arb.2. t.l6 
Mich, arb.2. t.23 
Mich, querc. t.29 
Mich, arb.2. t.25 
N. Amer. 1800. S s.l Mich. arb. 2. t. 3 
ap.my Ap 
ap.my Ap 
ap.my Ap 
ap.my Ap 
ap.my Ap 
my Ap 
my Ap 
N. Amer. 1800. 
Levant 1731. 
N. Amer, 1724, 
N. Amer. ... 
S. Europe 1739. 
Britain woods. 
Mich, arb.2. 1. 19 
Mil.dic.n.7.t.215 
Mich. arb. 2. t 1 
s.l 
h.l Eng. bot. 1845 
Britain ... S h.l Eng. bot. 1342 
Britain ... S h.l 
S. Europe 1820. G co 
S. Europe 1822. G co 
S. Europe 1735. S co Dend. brlt. 92 
my 
my 
my 
my 
my 
Ap 
Ap 
Ap 
Ap 
Ap 
S. Europe 
S. Europe 
Austria 1824. 
Dend. brit. 93 
Clus.hist.l.p.20 
History, Use, Propagation, Culture, 
jiutumn to a beautiful scarlet color, and unless hard frost comes on early, they do not fall off the tree till near 
Christmas. Q. rubra bears a near resemblance to the last species. Q. tinctoria, Quercitron, Fr., has been 
recommended to be cultivated on account of its bark, which affords a valuable yellow dye. (Ca/erf. Hort. 
'^Q^'suber^s cultivated in Spain, Portugal, and the south of France, for its cork-bark. The exterior bark is 
the cork, which is taken from the tree every eight or ten years ; but there is an mterior bark which is iett on 
to protect the tree, so that stripping off the outer bark is so far from injuring the trees, that it is necessary to 
their continuation. Trees that are never barked are said to die at the age of fifty or sixty years. Ihe bark is 
taken off for the first time when the tree is about fifteen years old; it soon grows again, and may be rebarkea 
three times, the bark improving every time till the tree attains the age of thirty years. It is taken oft m sheets 
or tables, much in the same way as oak or larch bark is taken from the standing trees in this country. After 
being detached, it is flattened by presenting the convex side to heat, or by pressure. In either case it is charred 
on both surfaces to close the transverse pores, previously to its being sold. The carbonized surface producert 
by this charring, may be seen in bungs and taps; but not in corks, which being cut in the lengthway ot tne 
wood, the charring is taken off in the rounding. 
