814 
MONCECIA MONADELPHIA. 
Class XXI. 
Cassava 
stinging 
annual 
13649 Manihot JV. 
13650 urens W. 
13651 herbacea fV. 
2034. Rl'CINUS. W. 
13652 communis JV. 
13653 viridts tf. 
136.'54 africanus fV. 
13655 li villus TV. 
13656 inermis TV. 
13657 armatus B. R. 
13658 Tanarius TV. 
2035. HU'RA. TV. 
13659 strepens IV. en. 
13660 crepitans TV. en. 
2036. STERCU'LIA. TV. SxERCt'LiA. 
□ clt S jl.au 
«t Cn or 3 my.jl 
rOl un 1| jl.au 
Brazil 
1690. 
Palma-Christi. 
Castor-oil plant £^ m 
green £A or 
African *i i | or 
livid-leaved iit i | or 
smootli-capsul. XII or 
rough-capsuled HI) or 
scollop-leaved XII 
Sandbox-Tree. 
unequal-tooth. «g [ I or 
equal-toothed * □ or 
EiiphorhiacecB. Sp. 9 — 10. 
6 jl.au 
6 au 
15 jl.au 
8 jl 
6 jl.au 
6 jl.s 
4 jl.s 
E. Indies 1548. 
E. Indies 1802. 
Africa 
C. G. H. 1795. 
India 1758. 
Malta 1807. 
E. Indies 1810. 
13661 Balanghas TV. 
13662 crinita IV. 
13663 urens TV. 
13664 platanifolia TV. 
13665 foe'tida TV. 
2037. HERITIE'RA. 
13666 littoralis TV. 
coronet- flower. $ O or 
hairy-capsuled ^ or 
stinging f □ or 
Plane-tree-lvd. 5 i_l or 
fetid ^ □ or 
Eupliorhincece. Sp. 2. 
12 ... W.Y S. Amer. ... 
12 ... W.Y S. Amer. 1733. 
StercuUacciZ. Sp. 5 — 23. 
20 jn.s G E. Indies 1787. 
20 ... G W. Indies 1793. 
10 ... G E. Indies 1793. 
30 jl G .China 1757. 
8 ... G E.Indies 1690 
TV. Look I rs'G- Glass Plant. 
Laurel-leaved ^ □ or 20 
2038. ACA'LYPHA. TV Acalypha. 
13667 virginica TV. "Virginian O un 
13668 caroliniana TV. Carolina O 'in 
13669 ciliata TV. ciliated KB un 
13670 pauciflura TV. en. few-ilowercd O un 
13671 brachystachyaJF.era saw-leaved O un 
13672 indica TV. Indian [Q] un 
13673 alopecuroidea TV. Fox-tail O un 
13674 diversifolia Jacq. various leaved ^ d) un 
13675 integrifolia JV. entire-leaved Si □ un 
13676 rubra IV. red ^ IS] un 
13677 h'lspida TV. hispid [Q] un 
13678 cuspiclata TV. cuspidate □ un 
13679 virgata JV. virgate & I I un 
13680 scabrusa TV. rough &k [ I un 
2039. DALECHAM'PIA. TV. Daleciiampia. 
climbing 
13650 
Sp. 1—2. 
E.Indies 1780. 
Euphorbiacece. Sp. 14 — 13. 
jl.au 
2 jl.au 
2 jl.au 
2 jl.au 
2 jl.au 
2 jl.s 
2 jl.s 
2 
5 jn.s 
Ujl 
3 jl.au 
4 jn.jl 
6 jn.jl 
6 jn.jl 
N. Amer. 1759. 
N. Amer. 1811. 
E. Indies 1799. 
China 1816. 
China 1816. 
E. Indies 1759. 
Venezula 1804. 
Caraccas 
Mauritius 1823. 
13681 scandens TV. 
13652 
Euphorbiacece. 
G 
E. Indies ... 
Caraccas 1819. 
Jamaica 1823. 
Jamaica 1820. 
Sp. 1—17. 
W. Indies 1739. 
13657 
s 
r.m Sloan.jam.l. t.85 
s 
Bot, cab. 478 
s 
r.m 
Reliq.hou.6. t.l5 
s 
CO 
Bot. mag. 2209 
s 
s.p 
W. hort. ber. 49 
s.p 
s 
s.p 
Jac. ic. 1. 1. 196 
s 
s.p 
Jac. ic. 1. t. 195 
s 
s.p 
Bot. rep. 430 
s 
s.p 
Rum.am.3. t.l21 
c 
l.p 
s 
p.l 
Lam. ill. t. 793 
Sk p.l 
Bot. reg. 185 
o 
p.l 
Aub. gui.2. t.279 
o 
p.l 
Kox. cor. 1. t. 24 
s 
p. 
Cav. diss.5. t.l45 
s 
p.l 
RheG.mal.4. t.36 
c 
p.l 
Rhce.mal.6. t.21 
s 
CO 
Sch. han.3. t.311 
s 
CO 
Lam.ill. t.789.f 2 
s 
CO 
Vah.symb.l.t.20 
s 
CO 
s 
CO 
s 
CO 
Rhe.mal.lO. t.81 
s 
CO 
*J<xL, IC, 0. I, ViZ\J 
c 
CO 
c 
CO 
s 
CO 
c 
CO 
c 
CO 
Bro. jam.t.3af.2 
c 
CO 
c 
Lp 
Jac.am2.02.t.l6O 
History, Use, Propagation, Culture, 
root, yields an excellent nutritious article of food when the juice has been expressed, which is a strong poison. 
J. gossypifolia is considered a beneficial plant in the West Indie.*, on account of the seeds, which are much 
relished by and very nourishing to poultry. J. Manihot, the Cassava of the West Indies, and the Mandioca 
and Tapioca of Brazil, formerly supplied the greater part of the nourishment of the natives of South America, 
and is now very generally cultivated there and in the West Indies. It yields an agreeable wholesome food ; is 
of rapid growth, the roots arriving to perfection in about eight months, and it will thrive in any soil or situa- 
tion. The juice of the root is sweetish, and when swallowed, or when the root is eaten without preparation, 
it brings on convulsions, and occasions violent retching and purging. It acts only on the nervous system ; it 
produces no inflammation on the stomach ; but the stomach of a man or other animal poisoned by it, appears 
to be contracted one half. A little mint-water and salt of wormwood, timely administered, will prevent all bad 
consequences In preparing the roots for use as food, they are washed, scraped, and grated to a pulp : this pulp 
is then pressed, and when dried is a powder resembling starch or flower fit for use. It is generally baked as 
bread, and bears a considerable resemblance to that made from wheat flour. The roots entire, or in a powdered 
state, form an article of considerable export from different parts of Brazil. All the species thrive well in our 
stoves, and are increased by cuttings, which Sweet states, succeed best when stuck in the tan in a good heat. 
2034. Ricinus. A name with the same derivation as Croton, No. 2032, which see. R. communis, though an 
annual and herbaceous plant in our gardens, becomes a tree in Africa of several years' standing. In Candia it 
continues many years, and, according to Belon, requires a ladder to come at the seeds. The seeds furnish the 
well known Castor-oil of medicine. This oil is obtained both by coction and expression. Ihe former method 
is performed by tying up the seeds, previously decorticated and bruised, in a bag, which is suspended in boiling 
water, till all the oil is extracted and rises to the surface, when it is sk immed off! Oil so obtained is apt to become 
rancid, and, therefore, the better m.ode is to subject the seeds to the press, in the same manner as is done with 
almonds to procure almond oil. (See Amygdalus.) The oil obtained is equal to one fourth of (he weight of 
the seeds employed. It is often adulterated with olive oil, linseed oil, and poppy oil. The great value of castor 
oil as a purgative is the mildness and rapidity with which it operates. It is peculiarly adapted for infants, 
