Order IX. 
FUNGI. 
•379 
§ 3. Armillana. Veil simple, partial, separate, annular, somewhat persistent. 
§ 4. Limacium. Veil very fugacious, viscid. Lamellas adnate, decurrent. 
f) 5. Tricholoma. Veil very fugacious, fiocculose, marginal. Lamellae emarginate or rounded. 
** Stem central, naked. Gills unchangeable. Sporidia white. 
§6. Eusstda. Pileus fleshy, becoming depressed. Lamellse equal, juicelcss. 
^ 7. Ga/orh^eus. Pileus fleshy, becoming depressed. Lamellce unequal, milky. 
^ 8. Clitocybe. Pileus fleshy, when young convex. Lamella; unequal, juiceless. 
^ 9. Collybia. Pileus fleshy-membranous, flattish. S?nnll, dry. 
\ 10. Mycena. Pileus membranous, campanulate. Slender. Sflpe.% hollow. 
\ 11. Omphalia. Pileus membranous or fleshy-membranous, when young umbilicated. 
*** Stem out of the centre, none. Gills unchangeable. Sporidia white. 
§ 12. Pleurotus. Pileus out of the centre or lateral. 
**** Stem always central. Veil 0. Gills changing color. Sporidia 7-ose-colored. 
^ 13. Mouceron. Pileus fleshy, becoming depressed. Lamellas long, decurrent. Odor of new flour. 
\ 14. Ctitopilus. Pileus fleshy, convex. 
\ 15. Leptonia. Pileus fleshy, membranous, from convex becoming plane. Small. 
16. Nolanea. Pileus membranous, campanulate. Slender. Stipes hollow. 
17. Eccilia. Pileus umbilicate. Lamellce adnate. 
***** Stem always central. Veil like cobweb. Gills changing color, becotning dry. Sporidia ochre-color cd. 
§ 18. Telamonia. Veil annular, woven, somewhat persistent. Lamellee distant. 
\ 19. Inoloma. Veil fugacious. Lamella emarghiate. Stipes bulbous. Color sornething of violet. 
\ 20. Dermocybe. Veil fugacious. Lamellje closely packed. Stipes equal. 
****** Veil distinct, not like a cobweb. Gills discolored, somewhat persistent. Sporidia ferruginous. 
§ 21. Pholiota. Veil dry, annular. 
fj 22 Myxacium. Veil viscid, fugacious. Lamellce aflSxed. 
\ 23. Hebeloma. Veil marginal, fugacious. Lamellse emarginate. 
******* Veil very fugacious or spurious, not like a cobweb. Gills discolored, soynewhat persistent. Sporidia 
ferruginous. 
24. Flammula. Pileus fleshy, convex, smooth, somewhat viscid. Lamellce not emarginate. 
25. Inocybe. Veil formed of the longitudinal fibres of the fleshy convex pileus. Lamellce ivhitish. 
26. Naucoria. Pileus fleshy, membranous, flattish, squamulose. Small. Lamellce cinnamon-colored. 
27. Galera. Pileus membranous, campanulate. Slender. Stipes hollow. 
S^8. Tapinea. Pileus umbilicate, villous at edge. 
29. Crepidotus. Pileus out of the centre or sessile. 
^416****** Veil present, not unlike a cobweb. Gills becoming discolored, cloudy, dissolving. Sporidia 
b)-ow7ush-purple. 
§ 30. Volvaria. Veil universal, separate. A volva. 
\ 31, Psalliota. Veil annular. 
\ 32. Hypholoma. Veil marginal, fugacious. Lamellse emarginate. Stipes bulbous. 
^33. Psilocybc. Veil very fugacious. Pileus somewhat fleshy, and stipes equal, tenacious. 
\ 34. Psatyra. Pileus somewhat membranous, and stipes brittle. 
\ 35. Coprinarius. Lamellfe with a tendency to deliquesce. Veil partial. Sporidia black. 
2366. Coprinus. Hymenium in lamellse, which finally become deliquescent. Asci separate with sporidia in 
four rows. 
2367. Gomphus. Hymenium in lamella, which are long branched and decurrent. Pileus turbinate, 
umbonate. 
2368. Cantharellus. Hymenium veined. Veins dichotomous, subparallel, sometimes anastomosing. 
2360. Merulius. Hymenium veined. Veins flexuose, or forming very irregular pores. Plants sessile, 
resupinate or efTused. 
2370. Schixophyllum. Hymenium in lamellse. Lamellae bifid, lengthwise revolute. 
2371. Dcedalea. Hymenium sinuous, composed of anastomosing lamellse or flexuose elongated pores. 
2372. Polyporus. Hymenium |)orous, not separable from the substance of the pileus nor the pores from each 
other. Pores sometimes lacerating in age. Pileus very rarely witii a central stipes. 
§ 1. Favolus. Pores am])le, with four or six angles resembling an honeycomb. 
\ 2. Microporus. Pores minute, roundish. 
§ 3. Polysticta. Dots superficial only. 
2373. Boletus. Hymenium tubular. Tubes separable from the pileus and from each other. Pileus always 
with a central stipes. 
2374. Fistulina. Hymenium tubular. Tubes loose, the young ones closed. 
2375. Hydnum. Hymenium subulate. Subulse loose. 
2376. Sistotrema. Pileus carnose, irregularly stipitate, Hymenium composed of dentate, interruiited 
lamellse. 
2o77. Phlebia. Hymenium rugose, formed of long or confluent papillae. 
2378. Thelrphora. Plant with very few exceptions more or less adnate, thin, coriaceous, very rarely infundi- 
buliform. Hymenium covering the outer surface. 
2. Phyiactcria. Sporidia four in a row. Resupinate and groiving on the earth. 
3. Himantia. Effuse resupinate, when young byssoid. Sporidia few, innate in the hymenium, which is 
smooth and naked in the m.iddle. 
4. Leiostroma. Resupinate, somewhat contiguous, smooth, or with spurious papillse. Asci none. 
Observations. 
on the coasts of Barbary, and a few from North America, are almost universally distinct from the European 
kinds. They are found growing on the earth, or in decayed wood, or similar substances; never ui)on rock.^. 
Those which have been described as natives of vaults and places underground, arc believed to be mere 
monstrous formations. They are in greatest perfection in warm rainy weather, being chiefiy the creations of 
summer and autumn ; a few only ai)pear in the s])ring, and scarcely any in the winter. The duration of the 
pileate fungi is often only ephemeral ; some last from a wool^ to a fortnight ; and a few for a longer time, The 
Dajdalese and Polypori are often called perennial, but it is the opinion of Fries, that their substance decays, and 
is only covered yearly by a fresh layer of pores. The roots of many of those which grow upon trees is peren- 
nial ; of others merely annual. 
When crude they are mostly poisonous, with a mucilaginous taste, which is often acrid, but tliey become less 
dangerous by cooking. The dangerous qualities of some of the kinds is attributable to the larvae with which 
they are infested. 
R 9 
