1064 
NATURAL ARRANGEMENT. 
OrderLVII. HOMALINEJE. 
Evergreen handsome shrubs with alternate leaves and deciduous stipulae : they are readily known bv their 
parietal placenta?, an unusual character among the orders that surround them. BlackwTllia faJ^Sl^ has fine 
bunches of starry white fragrant flowers. Aristotelia is an evergreen half hardy shrub, with ea able berries 
gondrrhc?""'"" """^'""^ properties j the root of Homalium Kacoubea is used in Liarm as a cure for 
1108 Blackwellia Juss. 873 AstrSnthus L. 1084 Aristotelia W. 
Order LVIII. TEREBINTHACE^ 
^■I^'f order is, notwithstanding the labors of several botanists, in a very confused state; from want of suffi- 
cient knowledge of many of the genera, which have been hitherto imperfectly described, it is difficult either to 
determine the value of the characters assigned to the tribes, or the dignity of the tribes themselves All the 
species are shrubs or trees, with alternate exstipulate leaves, and inconspicuous flowers, and abound in a bal 
samiterous resin, which is chiefly present in the leaves and bark, and from which the denomination of the 
order has been derived. Notwithstanding the minuteness of their flowers, many of the species are valuable as 
pfn.^™fnH on account of the beauty of their foliage, others for the sakeof their utility in arts ormedi! 
^hfp'h M l ^^'^l' ^"^"'S- /P*" ^'i? ^'"^'^^^ ^"'^ the Pistachio are valuable for their nuts, 
Sni^ Thi' ^"uT ^'■t'^T the markets of Europe. The Spondias and Mango are equally famous in the 
ITr- .^he well-known balsam of Tolu is the produce of the Toluifera; the balsam of Mecca, of the 
Amyris gileadensis j and balm of Acouchi, of the Fcica acuchini ; gum comes from Amyris elemifera and 
Fc.ca leptophylla ; mas t.ch from Pistacia atlantica and lentiscus ; and Venetian turpentine from Pistacia tere- 
P. K K ■ produces a resin which in Peru is used as a dentrifice, as myrrh is with us 
Pn^Lh .vff /'''■'.''t^''^ ^''''P^'^^^^ the exudation of Amyris guianensis, Rh6s vernix, copallina. 
fi finest kinds of incense are also aflferded by plants of this order, such as the wood and resin of 
the ditterent species of I'cica, of Amyris balsamifera, and of Canarium commune, the Coumia, which is used 
in Guiana for such purposes, and finally, the Boswellia thurifera, which is the true frankincense of Indian 
temples. L,ut among the fragrant and wholesome plants of which the order chiefly consists, lie concealed 
otners in which acrid and poisonous qualities no less abound. Such are several pieces of Khus, the iuice of 
which produces busters upon the skin, and the Amyris toxifera, the juice of which is accounted poisonous 
lo conclude this long list of the uses and dangers of Tevcbinthace^, the bark of Bn'.cea is used as an astrin' 
gent^ in dysenteries, that of Rhus glabra as a febrifuge and as a mordant for red colors, and that of Rhus 
coriaria as a powerful means of tanning skins of animals. It is curious to remark how strongly Terebinthaceee 
are connected with Amentaccs through Juglans. ^ ^ cuiuuirtce* 
Tribe 1. AivACARDiEaj. 
935 Anacardium W. 2065 Pistacia W. 2067 Picramnia W 
513 Mangifera W. 85 Comocladia 
Tribe 2. SuMACHiNEiE. 
681 Rhus W. 2093 Schlnus W. 
Tribe 3. Spondiace^. 
1059 Spondias W. 
Tribe 4. BuRSERACEis. 
2164 Burscra W. 1010 Garuga Roxb. 
Tribe 5. Amyride^e. 
889 Amyris W. 
Tribe 6. Pteleace/e. 
298 Ptelea W. 529 Toddalia Lam. 84 Cneorum W. 683 Spath^Ua W. 
Tribe 7. Ccvnarace^e. 
1057 Cnestis Lam. 2061 Bn'icea W. 
Tribe 8. Juglande.e. 
1999 Juglans W. 
Order LIX. LEGUMINOSiE. 
The family to which the various kinds of pulse belong is one of the most familiar to the world, and at the 
same time one of the most useful to mankind. Their papilionaceous flowers characterise a large number, and 
their pods and pinnate leaves the remainder, with a few exceptions, which it is not necessary to particularise. 
As objects of ornament, many are possessed of unrivalled beauty, for example, among hardy flowering trees, 
the Robinia and the Laburnum ; among shrubs, for decorating the borders of the flower-garden, the various 
tribes of Cytisus, Caragana, Colutta, Amorpha, and others ; among hardy climbers, the far-famed Glycine of 
China, and its sister of North America, with the species of the herbaceous genera Vicia and Lathyrus; and, 
lastly, among hardy herbaceous plants, the numerous species of Lupinus and Astragalus. Great, however, as 
is the beauty of the Leguminosje which can brave the inclemencies of the seasons of Northern Europe, it must 
give way before the splendor and elegance of their brethren of the tropics. The flowers of the Erythrina, or 
Coral tree, are of the deepest crimson, and borne in profusion upon some of the loftiest trees of the forest. 
The Bauhmias, with their snake-like stems and twin leaves, hang in festoons of flowers from branch to branch 
of other trees, and are only rivalled by the less vigorous and elegant, but more richly colored blossoms of the 
Carpop6gons. But all these, with their broad heavy foliage and gaudy colors, are far surpassed by the rugged 
trunks, trembling airy foliage, and golden flowers of the Mim6sa, which cast a charm over even the most 
sterile deserts of burning Africa. "While the forests of hot countries are thus indebted to species of this order 
for their timber, the meadows and pastures of the same latitudes are enamelled with the flowers of myriads 
of Hedysarums, and animated by the wonderful motion of sensitive plants. As in our own country, the 
gayest part of our scenery is in many places indebted to the yellow flowers of our furze and broom, so in other 
countries the same effect is produced by other genera of Leguminosas; by Liparia, Borb6nia, and Aspala- 
thu.s, at the Cape of Good Hope, and by the Pultcnae'as, Davi^sias, A6tuses, and multitudes of similar genera 
in New Holland. The wood of the order is very hard and durable, with a yellow tinge, sometimes changing 
into green, as in the Lab 'irnum of Europe, and in the better known Brazil wood of commerce, produced by 
C«salp5nia. The following useful remarks upon the properties of the order are made by M. Decandolle : — 
*' The family of leguminous plants, though established upon characters of primary importance, offers, never- 
theless, so large a number of species and such singular botanical anomalies, that it is easy to foresee that its 
properties will exhibit little uniformity. Still more exceptions may be anticipated if one reflects, that the che- 
mical principle which is found most abundantly in every part of leguminous plants, and to which we must 
attribute their principal properties, is the extractive. It is probable that this principle, either from its own 
nature, or from its peculiar power of uniting with difl^erent matters, or perhaps instead of being a simple prin- 
ciple, it is rather a compound of different matters ; it is probable, I say, that the extractive principle exhibits 
