NATURAL ARRANGEMENT. 
1071 
Tribe 5. SMVRNiEiE. 
650 Sm^rnium W. 677 CAchrys W. &i8 Cicuta W. 666 Hasselqulstia JV. 
633 Crithmum W. 678 Hippomarathrutn Lk. 661 ^thusa W. 673 Tordyliura fV. 
660 Ulospermum L/c. 618 Coriindrura W. 
Tribe 6. Caucaline^e. 
626 Ca(:>calis W. 628 Oliveria Vent. 640 Bubon W. 
625 Daiicus TV. 634 Athamanta fF. 631 Bunium m 
627 T6rilis G^er^, 638 Trachyspermum Lk. 676 Rumia Hqffm. 
Tribe 7- Scandicine^. 
619 Sc4ndix P. S. 630 Myrrhis P. S. 021 Chaeropliyllum P. S. 620 Anthriscus P. S. 
Tribe 8. Ammine^. 
639 A'mmi TV. 646 Sium TV. 665 Ligusticum TV. 
641 Cdminum. 649 C6nium TV. 645 Trinia Hqffm. 
Tribe 9. Seline^. 
663 Selinum TV. 675 Zosimia i/bjTW. 664 Angelica TV. 669 Laserpitium JF. 
670 Peucedanum TV. 671 Pastinaca TV. 662 Imperatoria fF. 667 Art<?dia TV. 
672 Heracleum ^. 668 Ferula TV. 643 Thapsia TV. 654 An^thum ^. 
Oruer LXXX. RHIZOPHORE^. 
The mangroves are plants of arborescent stature, which are remarkable, in tropical countries, for growing 
upon the shores of the sea, even as far as low water. The seeds have the singular property of germinating, 
while enclosed within the capsule, and adhering to their parent, and pushing forth a long thread-like radicle, 
which lengthens till it reaches the soil, where it takes root, and forms a new individual. The bark of 
Rhizophora gymnorhiza, which is very astringent, is used in India for dying black. 
1078 Rhizophora TV. 
Order LXXXI. HAMAMELIDEiE. ' 
Hardy American deciduous shrubs, with the appearance of Amentaceae, to which they are undoubtedly 
closely allied notwithstanding their situation here, which must be considered quite artificial. Nothing is 
known of their medicinal qualities. 
1200 FothergUla TV. 312 Hamdmelis TV. 
Order LXXXII. CAPRIFOLl ACE^. 
This is an eminently beautiful order, consisting either of twining or erect shrubs with clusters of trumpet- 
shaped fragrant flowers, or of fine bushes having cymes of white blossoms. The honeysuckle is the repre- 
sentative of the former, the dogwood of the latter. Here too is Ibund the modest and delicate Linnae^'a, 
which, however inferior its attractions for the vulgar eye may be to those of its more ostentatious neighbours, 
yields to none of them in elegance or interest for the botanist. All the genera have a more or less astringent 
bark ; that of Lonicera corymbosa is used in Chile for dying black ; that of Cornus florida in North America 
in intermittent fevers, as is also the bark of Curnus sericea, which, according to Barton, is scarcely inferior to 
Quinquina. The Elders are the link between honeysuckles and umbelliferous plants, to the latter of which 
they are allied by their stinking divided foliage and half herbaceous habit ; their flowers are sudorific and sopo- 
rific in a high degree, their leaves and inner bark are emetics and drastic purgatives. Triosteum perfoliatum 
is intermediate between this order and Rubiaceae, with the former of which it agrees in its purgative, and 
with the latter in its emetic, qualities, which resemble those of ipecacuanha. All CaprifoliaceEelove shady cool 
places in both hemispheres ; 6ut few have been found in such as endure a very severe climate. 
474 Caprif61ium B. S. 477 Diervilla J. 306 C6rnus TV. 
475 Lonicera B. S. 478 Tri6steum TV. 679 Viburnum TV 
476 Symph6ria Ph. 292 Linnge'a TV. 680 Sambucus TV. 
Order LX:XXIII. LORANTHE^. 
None of these are cultivable; they are all genuine parasites rooting beneath the bark of the trees on which 
they grow, and deriving from their juices the whole of their nutriment. The Viscums have little or no 
beauty, but the Lorcinthi are among the most lovely of plants, hanging in clusters of rich scarlet flowers 
from the branches of trees in the tropics, which they often clothe with a beauty not their own. The misletoe 
of the Druids is supposed to have been the Loranthus europfe'us, the common Viscum never being seen upon 
the oak, while the Loranthus inhabits no other tree. If this be so, the latter must have once existed in this 
kingdom although now extinct. It has been suggested, that all vestiges of their religion were extirpated with 
the Druids, which will account for the Loranthus having disappeared wherever that religion formerly held its 
sway. 
2054 Viscum TV. 
Order LXXXIV. RUBIACEiE.' 
Opposite entire leaves with intervening stipulae, a monopetalous superior corolla, with a definite number of 
stamens and a bilocular ovarium, are the great characteristics of Rubiacea; ; an order of such extent that it 
embraces a very large projiortion of the whole of phanogamous plants, including within its limits humble 
weeds and lofty trees, plants with important medicinal qualities and flowers of varied dyes, and herbs of 
neither value nor beauty as far as has yet been ascertained. The sections into which the order has been 
divided are merely artificial, with the exception of Stellatce, which are the representatives of the order in 
northern regions. Among these the Rtibia, or madder, is the most important on account of its dye; Galium 
also possesses some qualities of minor consequence, which have been already indicated in the body of this 
work. Among the other sections, the plants of beauty or value are innumerable : of the former description, the 
genera Ix6ra, Bouvardia, Catesb2e'a, Portlandia, Coutarea, Gardenia, Mussa;'nda, Hamellia, Cepha^lis, Ce- 
phalanthus, and many others, are notable examples; to the latter, every genus has a contribution of one kind 
or another. The root of Oldenlandia umbellata is employed in India for staining nankin ; that of Morinda 
umbellata in the Moluccas, and of Morinda citrif6ha in India, is used for dying red and brown. The 
potent febrifugal properties of the Cinch6na need not be insisted on ; it is less generally known that the bark 
of Pinckneya pubens, Macrocnemum corymb6sum, Guettarda coccinea, and Portldndia grandiflora, possesses 
similar, but weaker powers. The bark and roots of Antirhoa are used, in the Isle of Bourbon, to stop hamor- 
rhage ; and that of Morinda Royoc is used for ink. Astringent properties of a very marked character are 
found in the juice of Nauclea Gambir of Hunter, and the Uncaria Gambir of Roxburgh, both which are 
often improperly confounded with Gum kino, which is the produce of a very different plant. Some of the 
species formerly comprehended under the genus Cinchona, but since separated by the name of Exost^mma, 
possess strong emetic powers. The same qualities exist in Psych6tria emctica Ccpha^lis, Ipecacuanha, 
