NATURAL ARRANGEMENT. 
1079 
Tribe 3. Melampyrace*, 
1315 Melamp^rum W. 
Order CXIII. LABIATE. 
A portion of Diandria Monogynia, and the whole of Didynamia Gymnospermia of Linnaeus, make up 
L.abiat?e, which are characterized by their didynamous stamens, four little nuts or naked seeds, single style, and 
irregular corolla. They are mostly natives of extra-tropical countries, although under the form of Hyptis, 
Anisomeles, Leucas, O'cymum, &c., they are found in the hottest zones of the world. Many are extremely 
odoriferous in the leaves, some bear handsome flowers, but by far the greater part are no better than weeds. 
They are all remarkable for their tonic, cordial, and stomachic virtues : they ctmtain both a bitter and an 
aromatic principle, in different proportions. The bitterness which is given out in decoctions, resides in a gum- 
resinous secretion, abounding in some Tencriums, which are particularly employed as stomachics, and some- 
times as febrifuges : those which abound in essential oil, and which are consequently aromatic, are used as 
stimulants. From the different degree of combination of these principles in different plants, they have obtained 
various uses ; such as savory, thyme, marjoram, for seasoning of food ; sage, balm, ground ivy for tea ; marum, 
marjoram, lavender, and thyme, for sternutatories ; others, such as lavender, mint, balm, and rosemary, for 
perfumes. It is a remarkable fact, that the essential oil of all contains camphor, which exists in such quantity 
in sage and lavender, that it has been supposed that the separating of it might become an object of commerce. 
55 Lycopus W. 
56 Amethystea W. 
57 Ziziphora IV. 
§ 1. Diandrce. 
58 Cunila P. S. 
59 Hedeoma P. S. 
60 Monarda W. 
61 Rosmarinus W. 
62 Silvia W. 
63 CoUinsunia JV. 
1242 A'juga W. 
12^3 Anisomeles R. Br. 
1244 Teucrium JV. 
1245 Westringia Stn. 
1246 S-itur^ia JV. 
1247 Thymbra JV. 
1248 Hyssupus JV. 
1249 Nepeta JV. 
1250 Elshc'.ltzia JV. 
1251 Lavandula JV. 
125; Sidt^ntis JV. 
1253 Bystropogon JV. 
§2. 
1254 Mentha W. 
1255 PeriUa JV. 
1256 Hyptis Poit. 
3257 Horminum Ort. 
1258 Glt^choma JV. 
1259 Lamium JV. 
1260 Galeopsis JV. 
1261 Galeobdolon, E. 
1262 Betonica JV. 
V263 Stachvs JV. 
126 J Zietenia Pers. 
1265 Ballota JV. 
Tetratidm. 
1266 Marrubium TV. 
1267 Leonurus K Br. 
1268 Phlomis R. Br. 
1269 Leucas R. Br. 
1'l'7() Leonotis R. Br. 
1271 Moluccella JV. 
1272 Clinopodium JV. 
B. 1273 Pycnanthemum Th. 
1274 Origanum JV 
1-275 Thymus L. 
1276 A cynos Pers. 
1277 Calamintha Ph. 
1278 Melissa JV. 
1279 Dracocephalum W. 
1280 Melittis JV. 
1281 O'cymum ^F. 
1282 Plectranthus JV. 
12S3 Trichost^ma JV. 
1284 Prostanth^ra R. Br. 
1285 Scutellaria JV. 
1286 Prunella JV. 
1287 Cleonia JV. 
1288 Prasium JT. 
t289 Phryma JV. 
Order CXIV. PEDALING. 
Herbaceous plants, formerly included in BignoniaceEe, from which they are distinguished by the small 
number of seeds in each cell of the fruit. Natives of the tropics, with shevvy trumpet-shaped flowers. 
The seeds of Sesamum abound in oil, which is easily expressed, for which the common species is extensively 
cultivated in hot countries. 
1296 Sesamum W. 1300 Martynia TV. 1331 Pedalium JV. 
Order CXV. MYOPORINE^. 
South Sea and New Holland shrubs, with scarcely any hair. The leaves are simple, alternate, or opposite, 
with no stipulae. The flowers, scarlet, white, or blue, axillary without bractese. These are very near Verbe- 
naceae. Stenochilus is the handsomest genus of the order: the Avicennias are shore plants, growing in the 
place of the mangroves, and shooting their long roots to a great distance ainong the mud, sometimes to the 
length of six feet along the surface before they fix themselves. Their medicinal properties, if any, are 
unknown. 
1323 Avicennia L. 1332 Myoporura ForsL 1333 Stenochilus R. Br. 1334 B6ntia R. Br. 
Order CXVL VERBENACE^. 
A mixture of weeds and shewy herbs, of humble creeping plants and of lofty timber trees. Some of the 
Vitexes and Clerodendrnms are handsome shrubs : Aloysia is esteemed for the fragrance of its flowers, and 
Holmski61dia for the refulgent scarlet of its enlarged calyxes T<?ctona produces the famous Indian teakwood. 
No properties of consequence have been attributed, by medical men, to any plant of the order, those formerly 
ascribed to the vervain and chaste-tree being now disregarded. The species are natives of waysides in Europe, 
and of woods and barren plains in the tropics. 
1322 Verbena L. 
54 Stacliytarpheta Vahl 
131*^ ZapSnia J. 
1320 Priva P. S. 
13 14 Lippia L. 
272 Callicarpa JV. 
65 Ghinia JV. 
274 iEgiphila JV. 
421 T^ctona JV. 
1309 Hebenstreitia W. 
1310 Hosta Jncq. 
1317 Vitex JV. 
1318 Cornutia JV. 
1313 Aloysia Fl. per. 
1316 Selago JV. 
1312 I,antana JV. 
1311 Gmelina JV. 
1321 Spielmannia JV. 
1324 Caldasia JV. 
1325 Clerodendrimi B. P. 
1326 Volkam(^ria H. K. 
1327 Holmskioldia H. K. 
1328 Petrea JV. 
1329 Citharexylum TV. 
1330 Duranta JV. 
Order CXVII. ACANTHACEjE. 
These are known by the elastic dehiscence of their capsules, and the hooked processes of the seeds. They 
are almost entirely tropical herbs or shrubs, with the pubescence, if any, simple or capitate, but never stellate. 
Their leaves are opposite, occasionally arranged in fours, simple and undivided, or very seldom lobed. The 
flowers are either in imbricated heads or open racemes, always enclosed in their bracteje ; and are white, blue, 
yellow, scarlet, or purple. Some of the species are very shewy, but few of them are cultivated commonly ; a 
large proportioti are mere weeds. The Thunbergias are fine climbers, and the Acanthus mollis, the foliage 
of which gave rise to the classical acanthus of architecture, is, perhaps, except Morina persica, one of the 
mrst interesting of hardy herbaceous plants. It is also one of the few species to which any medical properties 
are ascribed, being used sometimes as an emollient by reason of its mucilage. Justicia biflora is employed in 
Egypt as a poultice, J. Ecbolium as a diuretic, and J. pectoralis as a vulnerary. 
45 Elytraria M. 49 Eranthemum P. B. 1304 Ru(«llia J. 
46 Hypo^stes R. Br. 1302 Barleria JV. 1305 Bltchum R. Br. 
47 Justicia JV. 1303 Phaylupsis Juss. 1301 Acanthus W. 
48 DicHptera W. 
Order CXVIII. LENTIBULARI^. 
Very pretty interesting aquatics, which are scarcely susceptible of cultivation, except in a few cases. The 
Pinguiculas are either European or North American, inhal)iting elevated patches in bogs : the Utricularias 
are floaters, found in most countries in marshes and little rills : their flowers, are white, yellow, or blue. 
52 Pinguicula W. 53 Utricularia JV. 
3 Z 4 
1306 Aphelandra R. Br. 
1307 Crossandra P. L. 
1308 Thunbdrgia W. 
