42 Echin. 
XIV. ECHINODERMA. 
[1904] 
naster, Ophiopleura, Ophiura^ Ophioglypha, Ophiocten^ Amphiura^ 
Ophiopholis, Ophiacaiitha^ Ophioscolex, Gorgonocephalus, Antedon ; 
MiCHAiLOVSKiJ (192). — Spitzbergen, Echinoderms chiefly on W. 
coast ; RoEMER (229) : Trochoderma elegan.% Ophioglypha nodosa, 
and remarks on records of other echinoderms; Michailovskij (191). 
vi. Antarctic Ocean and adjacent Seas :— Complete list of 
litoral Ast. from American subregion of South Sea, esp. Diplas- 
terias, Aster las, Cribrella, Cycethra, and comparison with their 
distrib. in Australian and African subregions, and with corre- 
sponding spp. in N. hemisphere; Meissner (186). — C. Horn and 
neighbourhood, Spiallactes, Holothuria, Cucumaria, Thyone, Psoli- 
dium, Fsolus, Caudina, Trochodota, Chiridota ; Perrier (212). — 
Magellan Str., Chiridota n. sp. ; Perrier (214). 
B. GEOLOGICAL, 
(i) General. 
Evidence of Echinoderma for connection of Antilles with Mediterranean 
in Oligocene time contradicted by Mollusca, possible explanation ; 
Reid (225). — Strata of Pyrenees, Cambrian to Pleistocene, with lists 
of Echinoderms ; Roussel (234). — Brief systematic account of genera 
of Cidaridae and Salenidae with special reference to French fossils 
(86), ditto, Diadematidae (87) ; Fritel. 
(ii) Cainozoic. 
a. General : — Spp. of Schizaster, horizon correlated with mutations of 
apex; Tornquist (268).— Tertiary Ech. & Crin. Victoria, S. Aus- 
tralia, and Tasmania, list with locc. ; Dennant (58). 
b. Pleistocene : — Denmark, — Stone-age, Psammechinus ; Petersen (215) 
p. 81: Yoldia clay, Esbjerg, Psolus, Ophioglypha; Madsen (177) 
p. 530. — Cave-breccia, Gibraltar, Strongylocentrotus \ Acland (2). — 
Nettuno, Italy, Ech.; Meli (187) p. xli.— Ischia,— Astian, Mt. Epomeo, 
Fihidaria, Brissopsis, Schizaster, Amphidetus 5), Saharian, volcanic 
agglomerate, Valle di Mezzavia, Fibularia (p. 8) ; Bellini (23). — 
Raised beaches, G. of Suez, Rhahdocidaris, Heterocentrotus, Echino- 
metra, Echinus, Clypeaster, Tetrodiscus, Metalia, Fihidaria, Brissus ; 
FouRTAU (83) p. 444. — Bore-hole in coral reef, Funafuti, Cidaris, Ech. 
radioles, and Eol. plates; Hinde (124) p. 329. 
c. Tleiocene : — Ech. in tuff near Nettuno; De Vescovi (61) p. 67: 
not this rock; Meli in Abstr. — Near Borgamauero, Encrinus [I] 
Cidai'is, Echinus, Echinocyamus, Schizaster ; Patrini (208) p. 743. — 
Upper: — Suez Canal, Teninopleurus , Laganum; Fodrtau (83) p. 444. 
Purisima formation, California, Astrodapsis, Scutella ; Haehl (110) 
p. 24.— New Zealand, Echinus; Loriol (162) p. 20. 
d. Meiocene : — Taghacozzo, Italy, Cidaris; LuPi (168).— Upper :— 
Redonian, Rennes, Echinocyanius; Dollfus (65) p. 662.— (Or Middle), 
Pontilevian, — Haguineau (Maine -et- Loire) Toxopneiistes, Echinus, 
Psammechinus, Cidaris, Echinolampas, Echinocyamus ; Couffon (46) : 
near Saumur, list of Ech.; Couffon (47) p. 218.— Middle,— 
Helvetian, — 'calcaire k moellons de I'Herault,' Scutella ; Loriol (162) 
p. 68 : Suabia, Echinoderm fauna compared with other locc, Sphaer- 
aster, Astropecten, Antedon, Cidaris, Psammechinus, Stirechiims, 
Scutella, Amphiope, Fihidaria, Hemiaster, Spatangus, Sphaerites, Echino- 
lampas, Brisopsis [sic], Schizaster, Echinocardium; Schuetze (^251). — 
Lower,— Algeria, AScAisas^er; Savornin (241) p. 146. — 15 km. E. of 
