8 Spong. 
XVII. SPONGI^ 
[1904] 
60. Wilson, H. V. Sponges. Reports on an Exploration oflf the AVest 
Coasts of Mexico, Central and South America, and off' the Galapagos 
Islands, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission 
Steamer "Albatross" during 1891. Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harv. 
Coll. XXX, No. 1, 161 pp., 26 pis., with explanations. 
Abstract by Lendenfeld in Zool. Zentrlbl. xi, pp. 817, 818. 
II. BIOLOGY. 
A. Evolution (Phylogeny, Variation, &c.). 
Phylogenetic relation between Lysmcina and Dictyonalia : Ijima (24) 
p. 211. — Descent Theory illustrated by Sponges: Lendenfeld (28). — 
Variation in Siliceous sponges, remarks on, pp. 8-11 ; distinction of 
species in sponges, remarks on : Wilson (60) pp. 11, 12. 
B. Morphology. 
(i) General Accounts. 
Brief general account of Sponge morphology: Claus & Grobben (4) 
pp. 249-252. 
(ii) External Characters. 
Lichen-like growth of Spoyigilla lacustris: Gillot (13). — Conical eleva- 
tions on surface of Acantliascus cactus F. E. S. : Ijima (24) pp. 144, 145. — 
Size of body, body-form and external characters in general of Hexactinellids : 
Schulze (43) pp. 185-190. — Pedunculate form of body in Hyalonema 
pedunculatum., p. 19 ; shrub-like habitus of Sclerothamnopsis compressa 
resembling that of hitherto unique Sclerotliamnus clausii M. : Wilson (60) 
p. 84. 
(iii) Anatomy of the Soft Tissues. Canal-System, 
Porosphce7'a, canal-system of: Hinde (18) pp. 17, 18. — Soft parts of 
Acanthascus alani Ij., pp. 159, 160, of ^4. cactus F. E. S,, pp. 154-158, of 
Aulosaccus mitsukurii Ij., pp. 126, 127, of A. schulzei Ij., pp. Ill, 112, 
of Crateromorpha corrugata Ij., p. 79-82, of C. meyeri J. E. G., pp. 59, 60, 
of C. meyeri tuherosa Ij., p. 69, of C. pacliyactina I j , p. 75, of Hyalascus 
giganteiis Ij., pp. 101-103, of H. sagamiensis Ij., pp. 89, 90, of Lanugi- 
nella pupa^ pp. 14-16, of Rhahdocalyptus capillatus Ij., pp. 287-291, of 
R. victor Tj., pp. 251-253, of Scyphidiiun longispina. pp. 29-31, of Staiiro- 
calyptus entacanthus., n. sp., pp. 200-202, of S. glaber Ij., pp. 212, 213, of 
Vitrolhda fertilis^ pp. 43-46 : Ijima (24). — Soft parts of Hexactinellids : 
Schulze (43) pp. 188-197.— Soft parts of horny sponges: Szymanski 
(47). — Similarity between main afferent and efferent canals and their 
apertures in Poecillastra tricornis, p. 102; Sollas' membrane present in 
Foecillastra and Penares, pp. 103, 107, 113; Character of sieve-plate region 
in Regadrella delicata^ p. 36 : Wilson (60). 
(iv) Skeletal System. 
(a) General Accounts. — Brief account of sponge spicules : Claus & 
Grobben (4) p. 251.— Spiculation of Leucosolenia complicata, L. variabilis^ 
L. botryoides, full description of: Minchin (36) pp. 363-370, 376-383, 
387-391.— Spiculation of sponges in general, remarks on: Topsent (50) 
pp. 14-16. 
