73 
Simulid^, a family of Diptera consisting of the single genus Simulium, 
universally distributed, 28; often causes great losses among various 
animals, especially in United States and Hungary ; description and pre- 
liminary stages, 28 ; S. hirtipes, a biting pest in Scotland, 30 ; S. reptans 
(plate 10), a northern species, description of, 29 ; distribution of, 30. 
Spotted Gnat (plate 4), otherwise known as Anopheles maculipenms, 20. 
Stomoxys, a genus of Muscida; : .5'. calcitrans (plate 29) similar in size to 
house-fly, but distinguished by proboscis, common in Great Britain, 
plagues both men and cattle, -58 ; its bite and that of Hcematobia 
stimulans more painful to some persons than that of any other fly ; 
cattle and horses severely bitten in Northumberland in 1865, 59; geo- 
graphical range very wide, 59. 
Stouts, popular name for species of Tabanidee, 3 1 . 
Tabanim: (Horse-flies, Breeze-flies, Dun-flies, Clegs, and Stouts, frequently 
called Gad-flies), a family of Diptera, most formidable in appearance of 
all blood-sucking flies ; world-wide distribution, twenty-two recognised 
species in Great Britain, general appearance, 31 ; common in summer in 
country places, 32 ; large as well as small animals severely affected in 
many countries, 33 ; petroleum used in Russia for destruction, 33 ; 
description of eggs and larvae, latter carnivorous ; Tabanidae some- 
times preyed upon by robber-flies, 34. 
Tabanus, a genus of Tabanidae: T. aiitumnalis (plates 21 and 22), striking 
sexual difference in marking and coloration of abdomen, 48 ; in South 
of England one of commonest species of the genus, continental dis- 
tribution, 48 ; T. bovinns (plate 19), with T. sudeticus the bulkiest of all 
British Diptera, 45 ; distinguished from T. sudeticus, 45, 46 ; British 
specimens in Museum all from Southern counties, continental specimens, 
habits, 46 ; T. bromius (plate 23), common in South of England, easily 
recognised, dimensions of, British specimens in Museum, 49 ; distri- 
bution throughout Europe, 50 ; T. cordiger (plate 25), usually rare, but 
plentiful in Abernethy Forest, Inverness-shire, 51 ; continental distri- 
bution, 52 ; T. glaucopis, no British examples in Museum, description of, 
continental specimens, 52 ; T. maculicornis (plate 24), distinguishing 
characters of, smallest of the British species of T., 50 ; very common in 
South of England, British and continental specimens in Museum, 51 ; 
