BOTANY: D. H. CAMPBELL 
31 
many as nine, and there is not a clear line of demarcation between the 
neck and the ventral part of the archegonium. None of the archegonia 
examined by me showed more than eight neck canal cells, but in a recent 
paper on Treubia by Griin, it is stated that in the mature archegonium 
there are sixteen. 
The earliest stages of the embryo were not seen. In the youngest 
that were found, the basal portion of the embryo was occupied by a 
large haustorium formed of large cells very similar to that observed in 
several other Anacrogynae; e.g., Pallavicinia, Podomitrium, Aneura, but 
not found in Fossombronia, with which Treubia has a good many points 
in common. The haustorium is probably formed by the first division 
in the embryo, and this division, as in all other Jungermanniales, is pre- 
sumably transverse. The portion of the embryo above the haustorium 
becomes later differentiated into foot, seta, and capsule, and the young 
sporophyte closely resembles corresponding stages in Podomitrium or 
Pallavicinia. The foot is not clearly delimited from the seta. 
In the upper region (capsule), the differentiation of the sporogenous 
tissue takes place at a rather late stage and the limits of the sporogenous 
tissue are much less definite than is the case, for example, in Aneura, 
Fossombronia or Pallavicinia. Outside the sporogenous area there are 
about three layers of sterile cells constituting the wall of the capsule. 
At the apex the number of cell layers is greater — as many as eight may 
be present — and a conspicuous beak is formed as in Podomitrium and 
Pallavicinia. 
There is no elaterophore and no evident relation between the spore 
mother-cells and the elaters. The latter are few in number, but reach 
finally an extraordinary length — 1.25 mm. according to Griin. There is 
no perianth or involucre about the archegonia, but a very massive 
calyptra is formed about the young sporophyte. The calyptra may 
finally reach a length of 1.5 cm. The ripe capsule is ovoid in outline, 
not globular as Andreas asserts. It opens by four broad and somewhat 
irregular valves. 
Treubia is probably on the whole nearer the leafy liverworts (Junger- 
manniales Acrogynae) than is any other anacrogynous genus. Among 
the latter Noteroclada probably is most nearly related to Treubia, and 
connects it with Petalophyllum, which in turn is not very distantly re- 
lated to Fossombronia. The latter shows some significant resem- 
blances to the lowest of the liverworts — the Sphaerocarpales, and it may 
be necessary to separate as a special order or sub-order the series begin- 
ning with Sphaerocarpus and ending in Treubia, which in turn is almost 
certainly connected pretty closely with the acrogynous Jungermanniales. 
