122 
ANTHROPOLOGY: A. V. KIDDER 
mesa. Three narrow exploring trenches, however, were pushed through 
the terrace to the rock wall. 
Against the mesa the deposit was found to vary from 15 to 20 feet 
in depth. It sloped away gradually toward the plain. Its composition 
was very uniform, soft earth darkened by charcoal and decayed or- 
ganic matter, filled with potsherds, animal bones and chips of build- 
ing stone. The heap was also used as a cemetery, our trench revealing 
over 150 burials; the skeletons lay, for the most part, in the flexed posi- 
tion, at depths varying according to the period of interment of from a 
few inches to 17 feet. Mortuary pottery occurred only in the earlier 
graves and not abundantly even in them. Besides skeletons and pottery 
there were recovered a great number of broken and many whole speci- 
mens of bone and stone tools, as well as ornaments, clay toys and 
figurines. 
The most important results, however, were, as had been hoped, of a 
stratigraphical nature. It became apparent, as soon as digging had 
gone far enough into the refuse heap to permit observations, that the 
pottery at the bottom was markedly different from that at the top and 
that there were several distinct types between. Data on this subject 
were collected to some extent by examination and note taking along 
the face of the trench, but principally by tests made at different points 
as the work advanced. The tests consisted of the collection of all the 
sherds in a given column of debris, the fragments from each layer being 
placed in a separate paper bag bearing the numbers of the test and of 
the layer. In the early tests the face was laid off arbitrarily in 1 foot 
or 18 inch layers; but as it was found that this method often resulted 
in the spKtting of strata, the later tests were not laid out beforehand 
and a new bag was started whenever there was encountered a zone of 
sand or ash or when there appeared a sherd different in type from those 
above. Care, of course, had to be exercised to choose for the tests 
places which seemed to contain no burials, and all trials were aban- 
doned when it became clear that a grave shaft had disturbed the original 
deposition of the refuse. 
The mass of stratigraphic material thus gathered could not be worked 
over in the field; final results, therefore, are not yet available. It may 
be said, however, that the earliest or lowest type was the black-and- 
white. Above this occurred a long series of wares with glazed ornamen- 
tation, running from an early type with clear cut geometric ornament 
in sharp glaze, up through more developed stages having heavier glaze 
and conventional ornament, to a late and degenerate style in which the 
glaze paint was so poor that the decoration lost all form and became 
