370 
PHYSIOLOGY: KLEINER AND MELTZER 
ments were made. Eight dogs received morphin, about ten milligrams 
per kilo body weight. Ten dogs were operated under local anesthesia 
produced by cocain or ethylchloride; no anesthesia was needed during 
the infusion of the sugar solution. In all cases of both series four grams 
of dextrose per kilo body weight was given, the duration of the intra- 
venous infusion being in all cases about one hour. The dextrose was 
given in a 20% solution, the solvent being water, except in four non- 
morphinized dogs in which the dextrose was dissolved in an M/4 solu- 
tion of sodium sulphate — for reasons which will be stated later. 
The resulting differences were striking and instructive. We shall 
give first the urinary results. In the morphinized dogs the elimination 
of the sugar through the urine was considerable. In eight experiments 
the average quantity of sugar in the urine secreted in two hours and a 
half (that is from the beginning of the injection to one hour and a half 
after the end of it) amounted to 63% of the injected sugar, 80% being 
the largest and 52% the lowest quantity. The average quantity of 
sugar in the urine of six non-morphinized dogs (those which received 
the dextrose in water), in two hours and a half, amounted only to about 
17% of the injected sugar, about 30% being the highest and about 4% 
the lowest quantity. 
There was, however, a proportionate difference between the two 
series of dogs also in the volume of the secreted urine. In the mor- 
phinized dogs the average of the injected dextrose solution was 137 cc. 
and of the secreted urine — 197 cc; that is, the quantity of the secreted 
urine exceeded that of the injected sugar solution, while in the non- 
morphinized dogs the average of the injected dextrose solution was 187 cc. 
and of the secreted urine only 83 cc. ; that is, the quantity of the secreted 
urine was much smaller than that of the injected sugar solution. It 
could then perhaps be assumed that the morphinized dogs eliminated 
more sugar merely because they have secreted more urine. On this 
account experiments were made on four non-morphinized dogs in which 
the dextrose was dissolved in 1 /4M solution of sodium sulphate. That 
produced a greater diuresis; here the relation of the volume of the secreted 
urine to the volume of the injected dextrose was reversed: 212 cc. of 
dextrose solution injected and 281 cc. of urine secreted. Nevertheless, 
the relation of the ehmination of sugar in the urine was not reversed. 
In fact, in those four experiments with non-morphinized dogs the 
ehmination in the urine of sugar was even diminished; it amounted on 
the average only to 9.2% of the injected sugar, about 13% being the 
highest and 7% the lowest quantity. 
These three series of experiments show, then, that morphin increases 
