182 
DISEASES OF THE COTTON PLANT. 
brown, and there is a triangular brown spot on the under- 
side of each ring, beginning at the fourth." The brown 
stripe mentioned by Dr. Harris is often of a reddish brown, 
and, in high-colored and healthy individuals, I have seen it 
almost of a carmine red. 
The caterpillars are gregarious when young ; but, when 
older, they are solitary. When fully grown, they form a 
brownish cocoon of a gummy substance among the leaves, 
resembling parchment. The perfect moth comes out the 
following spring. It is said that there are two broods of 
these insects in a season, in the Southern States ; but I 
have not observed the caterpillars on cotton later than 
September. 
The chrysalis is brown, and of a short, thick form, with 
a number of hooked bristles on the tail. 
The following is Dr. Harris's description of the moths : 
" They sit with their win^s closed and covering the body 
like a low roof, the front edge of the under-wings extend- 
ing a little beyond that of the upper-wings and curving 
upward. The sexes differ both in color and «ize; the 
male, which is the smallest, is of a deep or Indian-yellow 
color ; on its fore-wings there are two oblique, wavy lines 
toward the hind margin, a zigzag line near the base, and 
several spots so arranged on the middle as to form the 
letters a h, all of a purplish-red color. The hind-wings 
are broadly bordered with purplish red, next to the body, 
and near the hinder margin there is a narrow curved band 
of the same color. Within this band, there is a curved, 
black line, and on the middle of lite wing a large, round, 
blue spot, having a broad black border and a central white 
dash. The fore-wings of the female are of a purpUsh 
brown, mingled with gray ; the zigzag and wavy lines 
across them are also gray, and the lettered space in the 
