160 
BIRDS OF BRITISH BURMAH. 
blacky slightly edged with yellow on the outer webs ; the next two pairs 
black on the outer webs and white on the inner ; the outer pair all white ; 
wing-coverts dark brown^ edged paler; quills dark brown^ the tertiaries 
broadly edged with yellowish white. 
The female in summer, according to Major Biddulph, has_, instead o£ a 
black throat, an interrupted streak of dusky spots on each side from the 
base of the lower mandible. 
Both sewes in winter have the chin and throat pure white ; the whole 
upper plumage, except the rump and tail-coverts, is a light grey, tinged 
with green or slaty ; the supercilium is produced forward over the lores, 
and the ear- coverts and sides of the neck are grey, of the same tint as the 
head. There are no other differences. 
Young birds do not differ much; at first the lower plumage is buffy 
brown, with spots on the sides of the throat, and the plumage of the 
adult appears to be acquired during the first autumn. 
Bill horn-colour, paler at the base of the lower mandible ; iris brown ; 
legs flesh-colour. 
Length 7'5 inches, tail 3*7, wing 3*2, tarsus '75, bill from gape "7, hind 
toe and claw '5. 
The Eastern species (0. melanope) differs from the Western (C. boarula) 
in having a tail fully a quarter of an inch shorter. This appears to be a 
constant character. There appear to be differences also in colour ; but I 
have not been able to institute a thorough comparison with respect to 
this. 
The Eastern Grey Wagtail is found over the whole of British Burmah 
in the winter, and it is tolerably abundant everywhere. 
In the winter months it has a very wide distribution. It occurs all over 
the peninsula of India and Ceylon, the Indo-Burmese countries, China, 
the Malay peninsula, Sumatra, Java and Borneo. In summer it is found 
in Cashmeer and in Central Asia and Siberia, extending about as far as 
the Arctic circle. 
This Wagtail frequents much the same kind of places as the Budytes 
group, but is perhaps more usually found near water. It occurs both 
in flocks and singly. Mr. Brooks found the nest in Cashmeer. One nest 
was placed in a bush and another under a boulder in the dry bed of a 
river. The materials used in the construction of the nest were moss and 
fibres, and the structure was lined with hair. The eggs appear to be 
yellowish white^ mottled with yellowish brown. 
