THE BLACK-CRESTED YELLOW BULBUL. 
199 
Length 7'6 inches, tail S-2, wing 3, tarsus -8, bill from gape -85. The 
female is of about the same size. 
The Red-whiskered Bulbul is one of the best-known birds of Burmah, 
being very extensively distributed throughout the country. It abounds in 
the whole of Pegu except in the portion lying between Prome and 
ThayetmyOj where it is very rare or absent altogether. It is common 
throughout Tenasserim, and Capt. Wardlaw Ramsay notes it from Karennee. 
Although not yet recorded from Arrakan, it is doubtless extremely common 
over the whole Division. 
To the south of Burmah it extends down the Malay peninsula to Penang 
or further. 
It is diffused over Cochin China and Southern China, the Indo-Burmese 
countries and almost the whole peninsula of India and the Andaman 
Islands. In the south of India and in Ceylon it is replaced by the true 
O. emeria, a species which resembles the present one, but has no white tips 
to the tail-feathers. 
This pretty Bulbul is a very familiar bird, being more frequently seen in 
gardens and cultivated ground than elsewhere. It is not found much in 
dense forest, but there are few parts of Pegu where its lively note may not 
be heard at some time or other of the day. 
It commences to breed in February and builds a rather solid cup-shaped 
nest of twigs and leaves, which it places in bushes and tangled thickets, 
and it lays three eggs, which are pinkish white marked with various 
shades of red. 
195. OTOCOMPSA FLAVIVENTRIS. 
THE BLACK-CRESTED YELLOW BULBUL. 
Vanga flaviventris, Tickell, J. A. 8. B. ii. p. 573. Rubigula flaviventris, Jerd. 
B. Ind. ii. p. 88 ; Bl. B. Bu7'm. p. 186 ; Hume, 8. F. iii. p. 125 ; Armstrong, 8. F. 
iv. p. 324; Hume 8f JDav. 8. F. vi. p. 317 ; Hume, 8. F. viii. p. 98; 8c^dl^/, 8. F. 
viii. p. 295 ; Bingham, 8. F. ix. p. 182. Pycnonotus flaviventris, Hume, 
Nests and Eggs, p. 285. Otocompsa flaviventris, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. Mus. 
vi. p. 161. 
Description. — Male and female. Whole head, chin and throat black ; 
sides of neck and lower plumage yellow ; upper plumage and wing-coverts 
olive-yellow primaries and secondaries brown, with olive-yellow edgings 
on the outer webs ; tertiaries brown on the inner, and olive-yellow on the 
outer webs ; tail brown, with an edging of olive-yellow on the outer webs, 
disappearing towards the tips. 
Iris pale yellow ; eyelids yellowish fleshy ; bill dark brown ; mouth 
fleshy yellow ; legs brown ; claws dark horn. 
