ANTHROPOLOGY: A. HRDLICKA 409 
ties of discovery of the various originals represented by the casts. Be- 
sides this, there are large charts relating to geology and stratiography 
so far as these relate to man; and charts showing the probable fines 
of man's ascent after the foremost authorities. Another series of 
illustrations, covering more than one entire wall, is devoted to the 
pictorial representations of early man, by the early man himself (cave 
drawings and sculptures), and by noted scientists and artists of the 
present day. The whole center of this hall is occupied by the most 
striking and interesting series of busts^ — reconstructions of early man, 
made by the talented Mascre and under the direction of R. Rutot, one 
of the foremost European students of early man. Finally, there is a 
large series of original specimens showing in a progressive way the 
crania of existing primates, or more exactly those from the lemur to 
man. The anthropoid apes are each represented in this series by 
skulls of a full grown male and female and by one of a young animal 
of the same species. 
The second hall, or that devoted to Ontogeny, contains six series of 
true-to-nature busts, made at the National Museum by one of the best 
modelers in this country, and showing, by different age stages, from 
birth onward and in both sexes, the three principal races of this country, 
namely the 'thorough-bred' white American (at least three generations 
American on each parental side), the Indian, and the full-blood American 
negro. These series form a unique, costly exhibit, nothing like which 
has ever been attempted before in this or any other country. Each set 
consists of fifteen busts and proceeds from infants at or within a few 
days after birth, to the oldest persons that could be found. The oldest 
American negro represented is 114. After the new-born, the stages are 
9 months, 3 years, 6, 10, 15, 20, 28, 35, 45, 55, 65, and 75 years, and then 
the oldest person obtainable. Special care was exercised in ascertaining 
the age of the subjects, particularly among the Negroes and the Indians. 
No choice was made of the subject beyond that due to the requirements 
of pedigree, age, and good health. The whites and negroes were ob- 
tained with a few exceptions in the District of Columbia and vicinity, 
but their places of birth range over a large part of the eastern, southern, 
and middle states; for the Indian I chose the Sioux, a large, characteris- 
tic, and in a very large measure still pure blood tribe, and one in which 
the determination of the ages in the subjects was quite feasible. 
On the walls of this room are eight original charts relating to the 
physical decline of man or normal senility, and a series of other charts, 
mostly in colors, relating to the development of the child in different 
races. In a case along the walls are series of brains, skulls and other 
