Piltdozvn Man 
13 
the greater part of the left side (Plates I, II), the other two nearly 
uniting to show the hinder part of the right side and the back of 
the head (Plate III). Of the face, only the short nasal bones 
have been recovered. Of the lower jaw (Plate IV), the right side 
is well preserved, with the first and second molar teeth in place 
and the canine tooth separate (fig. 10, p. 24). 
The brain-case is remarkable for its unusually great thickness 
(fig. 3) and for the fineness of the spongy bone (diploe) between 
Fig. 3. — Longitudinal median (sagittal) section of the Piltdown skull (black) 
superposed on that of a skull from the Lewes levels (dotted), showing 
the thickness of the bone and the lowness of the crown ; nearly one-half 
nat. size, e = occipital protuberance of the Piltdown skull ; h = occipital 
protuberance of the Lewes skull. 
the thin outer and inner layers (tables). It must have been 
highly resistant to blows. The thickness of the roof is from 10 to 
12 mm., whereas the average thickness of modern European skulls 
varies between 5 and 6 mm., while that of modern Australian 
skulls and of the fossil Mousterian skulls is only from 6 to 8 mm. 
Among modern men the Piltdown thickness is rarely equalled, 
except in cases of disease. 
The exact shape and proportions of the skull are at first sight 
c 2 
