EoPER, on Biddulphia. 
13 
essential for the safe determination of the species. In some 
specimens the processes are shorty and the spines placed not 
in the centre as in the normal form^ bnt almost half way 
between the centre and edge of the valve. 
The rough outline figure, and short description given by 
Professor Bailey of his Zygoceros Mobilensis, leave little 
doubt that Professor Smith was correct in considering the 
present species identical with the form occuring on the 
American coast^ and though a strict observance of the rules 
of nomenclature would lead to his specific name being 
retained^ I think it better to follow Professor Smith in 
naming it after our lamented American microscopist. 
7. Biddulphia granulata, n. sp._, Roper. 
Valve elliptical^ or elliptical-lanceolate^ considerably raised 
in the centre^ covered with fine diagonal reticulations^ and 
interspersed with very short spines or small tubercles^ at 
irregular intervals. Two long awl-shaped spines rise from the 
centre^ generally bent about the middle at an obtuse angle ; 
processes short_, rather inflated at the base_, and slightly 
recurved. (Plate I, figs. 10, 11; Plate II, fig. 12.) 
Marine or brackish water. Dredged of Caldy, Hev. J. 
Guillemardj Barking Creek, Boper; Gorleston, Col. Bad- 
deley; New Brighton, Cheshire, Comber. 
Syn. Denticella tukgida. Ehr., 1840, Ber. Acad. Pro., p. 207. 
Odontella TuiiGiDA. Kiitz., 1844, Bacil., t. xviii, f. 9, and Spec. 
Aig., p. 136 ; Pritch. Inf., 1852, p. 470. 
Deniicella TUMI13A? Bailej, Soundings, 1851, t. i, f. 57- 
The species here figured does not appear to have been 
noticed by Professor Smith, who refers to the Odontella 
turgida of Kiitzing as a probable variety of B. aurita,^ and 
his figure certainly gives ground for this opinion. Had I not 
met with this form in more than one locality, and always 
preserving the same well-marked points of distinction, I 
should have been inclined to have concurred in this supposi- 
tion j but the want of the central inflation, and the greater 
length, peculiar bent form and position of the spines, which 
are situated near the processes, and not, as in B. aurita, in 
the centre of the valve, together with the obtuse and generally 
recurved form of the processes themselves, clearly separate 
it from that species ; whilst its more robust form, distinct 
granulation on the surface, inflated processes, and absence on 
the side view of the peculiar lines, are sufficient to distinguish 
* 'Syn./ vol. ii, p. 49. 
