S 
Borecole, or Kale.— The green curled is extensively used 
for early greens ; for which, plant the seed in autumn in drills one 
foot apart, and keep free from weeds. The young plants will start 
early in the following spring, and when three inches high a; e ready 
for cutting. Sowings can also be made in the spring, from the 
middle of April to the first or middle of May. 
Catoljage. — Cabhage will thrive on any good corn land, though 
the stronger the soil the better they will develop. New land is 
preferable. Plow deep and manure very liberally. The early sorts 
bear planting from i8 inches to two feet apart in the rows, with the 
rows from two to two and a half feet apart. The large varieties to 
be from two to four feet apart in the rows, with the rows from ■2.)4 
tii^aur feet apart, the distances varying with the size. The crop 
should receive as many as three hoeings and three cultivatings. 
Cabbage will not usually follow cabbage or turnips successfully in 
field culture, unless three or four years have intervened between 
the crops. For the late fall marketing, plant drumhead sorts from 
June loth to 20th. 
Carrot. — Sow as early in the spring as the ground can be 
worked, in a rich, light soil, well manured with old fine manure, 
and thoroughly worked very deep. Land that was heavily ma- 
nured the previous season is the best. Plant in rows 14 inches 
apart i-n the garden, but from 20 to 22 inches in the field, and thin 
plants to five or six inches in the rows, hoeing often between them, 
but very lightly, just enough to kill the weeds, otherwise the roots 
tend to branch or fork. For general crop sow during May. 
CatllllloTfer. — For the spring or summer crop, sow early 
varieties about the last of winter, in a hot-bed. and transplant into 
the open air as soon as the ground can be worked in the spring. 
For the late autumn crop, sow late kinds about the middle of 
spring, and transplant like winter cabbages. In dry weather water 
freely, and as they advance in growth hoe deep and draw eartli to 
the stems. After they begin to head, they should be watered 
every other day. On the approach of frost, those plants which 
have not headed may be set out in a cellar where they can be aired 
in mild weather. In two or three weeks the strongest will begin to 
form flower heads, which will be very tender and delicious. 
Like Broccoli, CauKflowers should be cut for use while the head 
or " curd " is close and compact. As the plant advances in growth 
the head opens, separates into branches, and soon becomes coarse, 
fibrous, strong-flavored and unfit for use. The leaves are some- 
times gathered and tied loosely over the tops of the heads to 
facilitate the blanching. 
Celery, — Select a light, sandy soil, which is naturally early, 
rich, and well drained, and sow the seeds thinly in rows ten inches 
apart. After the seed is sown it should be trod or rolled in. A 
good plan is to sow radish or lettuce seed with the celery to enable 
one to see the rows more readily, and thus kill the weeds at the 
start. The plants are transplanted to a new spot, and the tops cut 
eff once or twice to make them stocky. Set out in July at the 
North, and in the Southern States a month or six weeks later. 
Plant in rows three to four feet apart, according to the variety, 
and six inches in the rows, in trenches about eight inches deep. All 
that_ needs to be done now is to keep the ground clear of weeds, 
and in about two months after setting it will be fit to earth up. In 
earthing up, take care not to allow any soil to get into the centre 
of the plartt, which will injure the stalks. I'wo or three times 
earthing up will be necessary if it be desirable to have the celery 
thoroughly blanched before storing. The best way to store is to 
dig trenches in a well drained spot in the open ground one foot 
wide and of a depth a few inches less than the height of the celery ; 
the plants are then lifted and set closely together until the whole 
quantity is stored. The edges of tlie trench should be made 
sloping from the tops of the plants to carry off surface water. 
When severe cold weather comes on, cover with leaves, hay or 
Straw, and place boards on the top to keep out the moisture. The 
covering must be put on gradually, else there will be danger of 
heating, and consequent decay. In such a trenph the stalks will 
blanch perfectly, and may be taken out any time during the winter. 
Sweet Com.— Plant about the middle of May, or as soon as 
the ground is dry (if planted too early corn is apt to rot) in hills 
three feet apart each way, seven or eight kernels in a hill; hoe 
often and draw up soil to the stems ; thin to four stalks and break 
off side shoots. Use plenty of old fine manure. For succession, 
plant every two or three weeks until the last of July. 
Chlecory. — Pursue the same manner of cultivation as for car- 
rot. If to be used as a salad, blanch the leaves by covering so as 
to exclude the light. If raised for its roots, dig at about the same 
time as carrots, wash the roots and then slice them, either way, and 
dry thoroughly by artificial heat. 
Cucumber. — Culture in the open air is of the sirnplest char- 
acter. Merely dig a hole about a foot wide and six inches deep, 
fill it with rich sandy soil, and raise it above the surface about six 
inches. The hills should be six feet apart each way. Any time in 
May sow a few seeds therein, and the result is certain. If the 
■weather be warm, they will grow in a few days ; if the nights are 
cold, protect them. There is frequently a little bug which destroys 
the tender leaves ; soot and ashes sprinkled over them while wet 
with dew will retard the progress of the depredator. As soon as 
the vines have made three leaves, nip the points off to make them 
branch out ' they will fruit sooner by so doing. Three vines in a 
hill are quite _nough. 
Egg Plant.— Sew in a hot-bed, and when three or four inches 
high ana the weather has become warm, transplant to good rich 
soil, 30 inches apart each way. 
Endive. — Sow from late in the spring to the middle of surn- 
mer in shallow drills 14 inches ap rt ; thin the plants to one foot itt 
the drills, and when fully grown tie over the outer leaves of a few 
plants every week or fortnight, in dry weather, to blanch, which 
takes ten days m hot, and twenty days in cool weather. Draw up 
a little earth to t!:e base of the plants. Rich, mellow soil, in an 
open situation, is most suitable. 
Kohl Kabl or Turnip-Kooted Cabbage.— Half 
way between a turnip and cabbage, partaking of the nature and 
flavor of both. The bulbs are cooked like^turnips. Sow from 
April to July ; plant and cultivate the same as cabbage. Set out 
in drills 18 inches apart and 8 inches in the drill. As they are dif- 
ficult to transplant, they are sometimes sown where they stand and 
afterwards thinned out. 
"Lettuce.— Sow in frames in March, or in the open ground as 
early as the weather will permit, and transplant in rows one foot 
apart each way. Sow a month apart for succession. Sow seed 
thinly, and thin Out well to make strong plants. Hoe carefully and 
keep free from weeds. In October plant in frames to head in win- 
ter and early spring Many gardeners set out between early 
cabbage and corn. Before these grow sufficiently to interfere, the 
lettuce is cut and marketed, and after the com is similarly dis- 
posed of, a crop of turnips or rutabagas is raised on the same land. 
lieelt. — Sow as early in the spring as the season admits, either 
in seed-beds or places where they are intended to grow. When 
four inches in height thin to three inches. When from six to eight 
transplant ten inches apart, leaving those in the drills about six 
inches apart. Set as deep as possible without covering the small 
centre leaves. 
Melon. — Select warm, light soil — a poor light soil is better 
than a cold and rich one. Thoroughly work the soil, manure with 
guano, phosphate or a rich compost, having the hills s.x feet apart 
for the inusk varieties, and eight or nine for watermelons. Do not 
excavate hills, but work the manurejust under the surface, as the 
roots of all vines naturally seek warmth. Pinch the more vigorous 
vines from time to time, and work in guano or phosphate Vctween 
the rows. Plant a dozen or more seeds in each hill, but do not 
leave over four plants. Sprinkle young plants liberally v/ith plaster 
or air-slacked lime to protect from depredations by insects 
Nasturtium.— Plant in spring in drills about an inch deep. 
The flowers are very ornamental, and the green seeds are fine for 
picklmg. 
Oltra or Gumbo.— Plant late in spring after the ground 
has become warm, in drills two feet apart for the dwarf and three 
and a half for the tall, where the plants are to remain. Thm out to 
one foot apart. Hoe, and draw the eartli up occasionally to the 
stems. Manure well. When young and tender the pods are a 
delicious flavoring for soup. 
Onion —The soil should be rather light and free from large^ 
stones. Apply from 8 to 12 cords of rich fine compost to the acre. 
Plow not over five inches deep, and v.-ork well with cultivator. 
Plow a;,-ain at right angles with first furrows, and cultivate again. 
Now rake level and fine and plant seed in rows 14 inches apart at 
the rate of four pounds to the acre. Keep very clean of weeds. 
When ripe, pull and drj' a few days before storing; 
Parsley. — Sow early in spring in rich soil, drills one foot apart ;, 
thin out to four Inches apart. The seed germinates very slowly,, 
so that it will be found of great advantage to soak it in warm (net, 
hot) water several hours before sowing. 
Parsnip. — Sow in drills one-half inch deep and 13 inches 
apart. _ When plants are two or three inches high, thin out to six 
inches in the row. Hoe frequently. Soil should be rich and deep, 
well pressed or rolled. Take up what you may need for winter 
use and store in cellar ; leave the rest in the ground till springs 
where they keep better, and become much more tender and sweet. 
Peas (All Hand-picked).— Plant as early as the ground can 
be v orked, in single or double rows, from three to four feet apart, 
about an inch apart in the row, and three inches deep. In summer 
they should be planted si.K or eight inches deep. Hoe often, to kill 
weeds and . promote growth. A light, dry soil will bring them to" 
maturity earlier, especially if manured the previous season, but 
should not be mauured too highly at the time of planting. If they 
grow too fast and show no signs of bloom, run a spade down on 
each side, about six inches from the row, and thus root-prune them, 
which will cause them to bloom in a few days. For a successioi. 
plant every two weeks during the season. 
Pepper. — Sow early in a hot-bed, or in the open ground, in a 
seed-bed, about the middle of Spring in light warm ground. Trans- . 
plant when three inches high, one foot apart, in eighteen-indj 
Read Description of the .Oauada PniicegAlbert Potato. 
