J. W. Adams & Co., Springfield, Mass. 31 
ROSES AND THEIR CULTURE. 
A deepr rich» loamy soil is Lest suited to produce fine blooms for exhibi- 
tion; but Roses may be grown snrffessfully even in the poorest sandy oi- grav- 
elly land, if tliey be well supplied witli fertilizing materials. \ery stiff and 
wet soils sliould he underdraiiied, and made lighter by applying lent" mold, 
sand and decayed vegetable rubbisli. Liglit and di*y soils maybe iini)roved by 
intermixing etay or lieavy loam. 
EnrichiDg:. The best and safest manure eoraes from the stable. This may 
he imiiroved by being composted with good loam or garden soil several weeks 
before being api)lied. This sliould be tlioroxighly mixed through the soil. 
When diluted with water, it is a jjowerful fertiliyier, aiul may >)e used in wet 
weather in strong solution, but in dry weather it should he very much diluted. 
When stable manure can not be had, waste-house water or supei-phosphato 
can be used with good results. 
Buying:. Send your orders early; several months before planting time, if 
possible. Payment will not be required until the time of shipment. If you 
are not acquainted with varieties, buy of a nursery that you can trust, and 
leave the selection to the in-oi>rietf)rs. Rose growers, who have devoted many 
years to their culture, are the best judges of what ynu need, and it is for their 
iuterest, as well as yours, to sui)i)]y you with sm-h \arieties as will meet your 
expectations. The tinest Ki>ses are always grown in tlie largest quantities, 
and are well worthy of tlie tritliTig extra care whicli tlu^y require to give them 
a start in life. Our Nursery is always open to visitors, and selections can he 
made at any time. 
Stocks. Many choice Roses, while young, grow better if budded on some 
vigorous-growing kind than when on their own roots. All varieties, however, 
which have native vigor are raised on their own roots. Dwarf Roses should 
be worked as ours are, at the 
level of the ground, and on the 
Mauetti, which is a very strong- 
growing stock. 
Planting. Roses which are 
on theii' own roots are planted 
the same depth as before re- 
moval. Budded Roses have 
much stronger roots, and show 
by an abrupt offset where tlu- 
bud was in.serted and the stoek 
cut off. When transplanted, 
this junction must be set 3 or 4 
inches below the surface of 
the groujid. This favors the 
formation of now roofs from 
the budded or top portion and 
greatly lessons the tendency of 
the roots to send up suckers, 
which must never be permitted 
to grow. The roots must not 
be exposed to frost nor allowed 
to beroiiie dry. The soil shoxild 
be firmly I'oiiipressed about the 
roots, and most of the top 
should be init away betoi'e ))lanl- 
ing. Tt the soil and weather be 
dry, a good soaking of water 
may he applied, and then shade 
the ground nnd plants with 
nuilching. If shaded by paper 
or other devices front drying 
winds until they eoinnienee 
growing, their success will be 
assuied The season for transplanting hardy Roses is April, May, October 
and Novembei-. 
Pruning. This slumld be regulated by the habit of growth, the weak 
shoots cut in closely, the strong left longer. Moss Roses need the least iirun- 
ing, Hyln-id Perpeluals. grown to produce flowers for exhibition, require 
close pruning before the middle of Api'il, the weak shoots being cut close 
back, and the strong ones to 5 or 0 eyes. If less is cut away, the uumlier of 
