THE CHASE NURSERIES. GENEVA. NEW YORK 
9 
Winter Banana 
Jonathan Yellow Belle Early Strawberry Winesap 
Yellow Transparent Spitzenburg Grimes' Golden Northwestern Greening 
R- I- Greening Rome Beauty Stayman's Winesap 
APPLES, continued 
The best cultivation for an Apple orchard is that which begins early in the season and keeps 
the surface soil stirred until late summer or early fall. For the first few years, the land may be 
plowed rather deep at the first spring workings. For subsequent cultivations, spring-tooth, cut- 
away and smoothing harrows adapt themselves to the orchard soil, but no single tool is best for 
all soils nor all years. 
In all loose soils shallow cultivation is always preferable. When the land is once in good 
condition, little time or effort is required to keep it so. Crust should never be allowed to form, 
and weeds should be killed at once. The surface should be thoroughly stirred at least once in 
two weeks during the season of cultivation. 
The same general directions here given for Apple orchards are applicable also to pear, plum, 
and cherry culture; but we have deemed it advisable to add some other notes in those depart- 
ments, to which you are referred. 
MULCHING 
It is very important, in transplanting all kinds of fruit or ornamental trees, to see that a 
proper mulch is provided. The object of mulching is to conserve the moisture in the soil by pre- 
venting or hindering evaporation. When it is impracticable to keep a surface mulch by means 
of tillage with horse-tools or a rake, it is advisable to use straw, coarse stable manure, or dead 
leaves. Soils which are covered with a mulch do not bake. If the best results are to be obtained 
in transplanting young nursery stock, one of the most important features is proper mulching. 
SUMMER 
Duchess of Oldenburg. Large, roundish; 
streaked red and yellow; flesh white, tender, 
juicy and pleasant. Tree vigorous, fine grower 
and abundant bearer; very hardy. One of the 
important varieties. September. 
APPLES 
Early Harvest. Medium to large; pale 
yellow; tender, mild and of fine subacid flavor. 
Tree moderate grower, erect and of a good 
bearer. One of the first Apples to ripen. Mid- 
dle to end of August. 
