62 
Homer N. Chase & Co., Geneva, New York 
FORMULAS 
Bordeaux Mixture 
Copper Sulphate 6 pounds 
Quicklime 4 pounds 
Water 45 gallons 
To destroy leaf-eating insects, add four ounces 
of Paris Green. For Peach, use three pounds 
each of copper sulphate and lime, and three 
ounces of Paris Green, on account of the tender- 
ness of the foliage. 
When a single barrelful of the Bordeaux mix- 
ture is required, dissolve in a coal-oil barrel partly 
filled with water, 5 pounds of copper sulphate 
(bluestone). Hot water facilitates the operation. 
To dissolve quickly, place the copper sulphate 
in a cotton bag or basket, and suspend this in 
the vessel containing water so that it is entirely 
immersed. In another vessel slake five pounds 
of fresh lime with as many gallons of water. If 
the lime, when slaked, is lumpy or granular, it 
should be strained through a fine sieve or coarse 
sacking. Then nearly fill the barrel containing 
the copper sulphate now in solution, with water, 
add suflicient lime water and it is ready for use. 
Use good lime and slake carefully. 
When a large amount is contemplated, it is a 
good plan to make stock solutions separately, 
of lime and bluestone, which can be diluted as 
needed; dissolve 100 pounds of copper sulphate 
in 40 gallons of water; two gallons, when dissolved 
will contain five pounds of the salt. In another 
barrel, slake 100 pounds of fresh lime and make 
up a milk by adding 40 gallons of water; when 
well stirred, two gallons should contain five 
pounds of lime. When, as before, it is desired 
to make a barrel of Bordeaux mixture, take two 
gallons of the stock solution of copper sulphate, 
partly fill the barrel with water, and add two 
gallons of the milk of lime; if the lime is of good 
quality, it will be sufficient to neutralize it com- 
pletely. If the lime is air-slaked or impure, the 
right quantity can be ascertained by applying 
the ferro-cyanide of potassium test. A two-ounce 
bottle containing a saturated solution of ferro- 
cyanide of potassium (yellow prussiate of potash) 
added to the mixture will turn brown. Add the 
milk of lime till the drop of ferro-cyanide of 
potassium remains colorless, then add a little 
more milk of lime ':o make sure that the strength 
is uniform, and fill the barrel with water. 
John Craig, Horticulturist. 
Lime, Salt and Sulphur 
As an all-round remedy (insecticide and fungi- 
cide) it promises very well indeed, and we shall 
be pleased to have as many as will join us in 
making further experiments next April, and 
report results. The proportion of this wash may 
be varied to almost any extent. A good pump 
will spray two pounds of lime to the gallon of 
mixture without clogging, and if the lime be 
good and properly slaked, there will be no settling 
in the barrel. The proportions recommended 
from California are 35 pounds lime, 15 pounds 
sulphur, and 15 pounds salt in 50 gallons mix- 
ture, and the California people suggest that a 
larger proportion of lime and sulphur than they 
use might be advantageous in the East, and that 
with them salt is not an essential. We find that 
35 pounds lime, 15 pounds sulphur and 10 pounds 
salt, with enough hot water to make 30 gallons 
of mixture will spray very freely and cover the 
tree more perfectly. To prepare this wash, place 
half of the water in a large kettle, add the salt 
and sulphur, bring the water to a boil, throw in 
the lime, adding hot water from another kettle 
to prevent burning, boil two to three hours, in- 
crease the quantity to 30 gallons with hot water 
and apply while hot. 
We would recommend crude petroleum, 20 to 
25 per cent with water, for apples, pears, plums, 
etc., and whale-oil soap, full strength and quan- 
tity, for peaches. 
Geo. E. Fisher. 
Arsenite of Lime 
This insecticide is coming more into popular 
favor yearly, and is worthy of it. Arsenite of lime 
is at least one-half cheaper than Paris Green, is 
equally efficient, and will not burn the tenderest 
foliage at the strength ordinarily applied. 
To make 800 gallons of spraying mixture — 
White Arsenic 2 pounds 
Sal Soda 8 pounds 
Water 2 gallons 
Boil all together for 15 minutes, or till the 
arsenic dissolves. One pint of this stock solution 
and two pounds of -slaked lime, added to a barrel 
of water, is equal in insecticidal value to one- 
quarter pound of Paris green, and costs half as 
much. Arsenite of lime ought to be used more 
generally in place of Paris green. 
Arsenite of Lead 
Arsenite of Lead i pound 
Water 150 gallons 
