78 
HTPOPTEID^. 
HYPOPYEID^. 
SPIRAMA, Guen. " 
Spirama confusa. (Plate CXXXII. figs. 6-8.) 
^ . Nearest to S. jinchueiia : a little longer and paler in the wings ; the hlack discal 
lines of primaries more divergent at the extremities and more regularly curved ; the thorax 
witli two distinctly defined pale transverse bands. The under surface slightly more ruddy, 
with the dark stripes across the wings decidedly straighter, less arched. Expanse of wings 
67 millim. 
?. Yerj Y\\e 8. japonica : larger, comparatively longer and paler, the pale areas less 
clouded; the central pale band of secondaries wider, almost as wide as the succeeding brown 
and black band ; fringe wider. Under surface much brighter, brick-red ; the first line not 
interrupted by black spots, its lower half bent inwards towards the inner margin ; the second 
line regularly dentate-sinuate throughout, the third line duplicated throughout. Expanse of 
Avings 71 millim. 
Dharmsala : taken at sugar. 
Females of this species have long stood in the Museum collection without a name ; 
Mr. Hocking regards them as varieties of S. retorta, he says : — " They vary greatly, and the 
species is always abundant. Great numbers were taken, and the conclusion come to was that 
there was one species which varied.^' Unfortunately Mr. Hocking only retained one male 
and two females of S. retorta, typical in every respect of that species, and four males and 
three females of confasa, so that the supposed variation would appear to be due to the fact 
that two species, the males of both of which are considerably darker in colouring than their 
females, were confounded as one. If <S. retorta and H. confusa were to be associated, nearly 
the whole genus would have to be massed under one name. S. confusa should stand next to 
S. coluerens of Burma. 
Spirama rosacea. (Plate CXXXII. figs. 9, 10.) * 
2 . Newest to S. mollis of Java : of the same size ; it differs in the whole of the wings 
above being suffused with rose-pink ; the three obliquely placed spots in the middle of 
primaries larger, subconfluent, silver-grey, and not pujiillated, the inner arched line across 
the disk indistinct, and interrupted by the silver-grey spots : on tlie secondaries the band 
across basal fourth is barely visible and diffused ; the series of dots across the middle is 
slightly convex instead of prominently concave, and the dots themselves are grey instead of 
black, the pale band bordering the series of dots externally is better defined and narrower ; 
the abdominal border is clear rosy salmon-coloured : the vertex of the head is tinted with 
pink. The under surface is decidedly redder, of a fiery orange-red colour, with the two grey 
discal stripes wider apart. E.xpanse of wings 74 millim. 
Dharmsala. 
