76 
TIMBER 
and California, and grows at from 1,500 to 8,000 ft. above 
sea level. Botanically it closely resembles the P. stiohns, 
but is a larger tree and of rapid growth ; has an average 
height of 150 to 175 ft. and a diameter of 4 to 5 ft., with a 
maximmn height of 235 ft. and 12 ft. diameter. The wood 
is soft, straight grained, easily worked, very resinous, and 
has a satiny lustre which makes it appreciated for 
interior work ; its colour is very like Baltic redwood. It 
is extensively used for doors, blinds, sashes, and interior 
finish, also for druggists' drawers, owing to its freedom 
from odour, for oars, mouldings, shipbuilding, coopers' 
work, shingles, and the poorer grades for fruit boxes. It 
is largely replacing white pine, owing to its cheapness. 
The timber is fairly free from attacks of fungus, and very 
durable, as proof of which many mills are now working 
up large logs which have lain on the ground for thirty or 
forty years, and though the sapwood has rotted away the 
heartwood is usually as sound as on the day the tree was 
felled. 
Very little of the timber goes abroad, owing to the 
difficulties of transport, but in 3 905 over 400,000 cubic 
feet were exported via Galveston, the larger portion of 
which went to Australia, and the balance to Great Britain, 
Weight about 30 lbs. per cubic foot. 
Western Yellow Pine (P. ponderosa), or bull pine, is the 
most widely distributed tree in the West, its range com- 
prising almost the whole of the Pacific and liocky Mountain 
regions. It is sold under the names of western pine, western 
white pine, and California white pine, closely resembles 
the Jeffrey pine {P. jeffreyi), and attains a height of nearly 
200 ft. with a maximum diameter of 6 to 7 ft. ; it is 
more subject to insect attack than probably any other 
western conifer, grows much more rapidly than the sugar 
