190 
TIMBER 
and durable, and contains much resin; it is the most 
valuable timber of the districts in the Himalayas, where it 
is found from 6,000 to 10,000 ft. above sea level. It is 
largely used for building and engineering work in Cashmere 
and the Punjab. For planking, doors, windows, and furni- 
ture it is better than the deodar, as it is not so brittle and 
does not contain the oil which in the deodar so readily 
absorbs dirt ; it is also used for tea boxes. 
Weight 28 to 30 lbs. per cubic foot. 
Long-leaved Pine or Chir Pine (P. longifolia) is not such 
good timber as the blue pine, being softer, but is used a 
good deal in building, for shingles, tea boxes, etc. It grows 
in greater profusion than the blue pine. 
Weight 28 lbs. per cubic foot. 
Khasia Pine (P. Idiasya) has much the appearance of 
P. sylvestris, and is the chief soft wood for building in the 
Khasia hills, where over a large area it is known as Tinya, 
and attains a height of 100 ft. with 3 ft. diameter. It is 
also found in Burma. It is moderately hard, pale brown 
in colour, and very resinous. 
The white, soft, and easily worked wood of the Spruce Fir 
of the Himalayas, a tree similar to European spruce, is 
largely used in Simla and neighbourhood for rough joinery, 
planking, etc. ; and the Silver Fir, which sometimes has a 
trunk rising 40 ft. before sending out a branch, produces 
a similar timber, but one which is not suitable for exposed 
work, nor is it in much demand if the deodar is to be 
found in its neighbourhood. 
Larch, somewhat like the European larch, and Cypress, 
which yields a brown hard wood, are used for building and 
other purposes. 
