194 
TIMBER 
which stood a tensile strain of 6,790 lbs. per square inch. He 
also made six tests for transverse stress which gave 8,884 lbs. 
per square inch, whilst the crushing stress on cubes 2 inches 
by 2 inches gave an average of 5"33 tons per square inch. 
Camphor is found in small crystalline masses in natural 
cavities in the wood. This is very much prized by the 
Chinese, but is not the camphor of commerce. 
Weight about 47 lbs. per cubic foot. 
Tampenis {Sloetia sideroxylon), a well-known tree from 
60 to 80 ft. high, which produces one of the best timbers of 
these parts, with yellowish white sapwood, and heartwood 
dark reddish brown, is hard, resinous, and durable, and 
is said to be proof against fungus and termites. It has 
irregular, dark, somewhat broad, but distinct rings, and the 
trunk is unbranched for the greater part of its height. 
Weight 67 lbs. per cubic foot. 
Champak (Magnolia champaca), the Malay name for a tall 
evergreen producing a hard, durable, and ornamental 
wood of yellowish brown colour and even grain, is largely 
used in India for planking, panel, carriage work, and furni- 
ture. The tree is much cultivated round about Jain and 
Hindoo temples, and the wood made into beads and neck- 
laces, which are sold to pilgrims. It is called Titu Sepa in 
Assam. Eesistance along fibres as tested by Prof. Unwin 
753 lbs., crushing stress 1"57 tons, and transverse stress 
3*48 tons per square inch. 
Weight about 41 lbs. per cubic foot. 
Meranti [Hopea meranti) grows to a height of 100 ft. with 
a straight trunk 3 ft, in diameter. It is also fairly abundant 
in Malacca and Perak. The stem and branches when cut 
yield a quantity of damar, a kind of gum, of considerable 
commercial value at Singapore. The timber is a soft red 
