218 
TIMBER 
were hard and sound, and specimens of some of these wlien 
tested only gave 6 per cent, less average strength in 
cross-hending than thoroughly seasoned and unused 
timber. 
Weight when just cut about 79 lbs., when fairly seasoned 
70 lbs., and when dry 60 lbs. per cubic foot. 
Yate {E. cornuta), though but Httle known, is probably 
one of the heaviest and strongest timbers in the world, 
one piece bearing the enormous tensile stress of 17^ tons 
per square inch, or nearly as much as wrought iron. 
Weight 79 lbs. when first cut, 71 lbs. with 12 per cent, 
of moisture, and 64 lbs. per cubic foot when dry, or only 
slightly less than lignum vitce. 
Red Gum {E. calo2)hylla) , Salmon Gum {E. s(dmonophloia) , 
Morrel {E. loiigicornis), and York Gum {E. loxoj'^deha) are 
others of the hard, dense, reddish coloured timbers of tliis 
part of the world, which exist in great quantities, but none 
of which are, so far, exported to any extent. These gums 
are much intersected with gum veins, which often impair 
their stability for important and permanent works. The 
gum is a valuable product which is used medicinally and 
for tanning. 
Sandalwood (Santaliim cygnorunt), in large quantities, is 
now exported to China and Singapore in competition with 
the otlier sandalwoods of commerce. Although only a 
small tree, 12 ft. to 18 ft. high and 8 to 10 inches in 
diameter, it is one of the most valuable products of the 
colony. Its colour is a yellowish brown streaked wdth 
dark lines. The sapwood is of a lighter colour and sharply 
defined. 
Weight about 36 lbs. per cubic foot when perfectly dry. 
