496 
Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. 
six inches below the pylorus. The kidneys were slightly lobulated. 
The liver was solid quadrilateral, with an elongated triangular gall 
bladder, an obliterated umbilical vein, but no ductus venosus, and,, a 
vena cava imbedded in its posterior border. 
The hypoglossal, vagus and cervical sympathetic were closely con- 
nected ; the first named separated and passed inwards, the two others 
pass downwards, united as a single cord as far as the seventh cervical ver- 
tebra. Here they separate ; the two vagi pass inwards behind the roots 
of the lungs to the oesophagus, where they lie, the left behind and the 
right in front, then they soon coalesce into a single cord, which extends 
as far downwards as the stomach, and there it terminates. The sym- 
pathetic cord forms immediately on its separation a large ganglion, 
succeeded by a chain of others as far as the diaphragm. The two 
trunk sympathetic cords unite around the coeliac axis and form the 
large solar plexus, each semilunar ganglion taking the place of a 
last dorsal ganglion. Erom this the usual sets of branches stream 
off, and the trunk nerve on each side passes along the lumbar and sacral 
vertebrae, forming lumbar and sacral ganglia, the last sacral being a 
ganglion impar, and the inner branches form a large hypogastric 
plexus. The pleurae as they pass from the pericardium to the dia- 
phragm are strengthened by fibrous tissue from the pericardium, and 
have branching on them the phrenic nerves. 
The brain was well developed and well convoluted. The callosal 
gyrus was long and rounded behind, the internal perpendicular sulcus 
and central convolution were large, and a rudimental calcarine groove 
existed on the postero-inferior surface of the hemisphere. The upper 
surface showed many shallow involutions and well marked inner fron- 
tal. The Vorzwichel, 1st and 3rd plis de passage externe (Gratiolet), 
Zwichel and a small occipital Zimgenformiges Ldppchen (Huschke) exist. 
The figures (Plate XXYIIL, Pigs. 1, 3) will show this lobulation 
better than any description. 
The myology of the specimen will be seen to present a general 
resemblance to that of the common hippopotamus, and a more distant 
likeness to that of the pig. 
The trapezius was a single inseparable muscle, passing from the 
inner fourth of the occiput, the middle line of the neck, and the an- 
terior part of the back, to be inserted into the scapular spine ; its lowest 
fibres form a strong tendon into the tubercle of Retzius on the scapu- 
lar spine, a separate cleido-occipital (= clavicular trapezius) arose from 
the par- occipital and post tympanic process external to the last, and 
is inserted into the clavicular deltoid (with which it is continuous), 
having no trace of an inscription at the point of junction; the final 
destination of the deltoidal part of this muscle, after flowing over the 
inside of the shoulder is into the lower end of the humerus, external 
to the biceps and brachialis anticus. 
The sterno -mastoid arose from the presternum, and was inserted 
along with and in front of the last. The trachelo-acromial, though 
very separate at its atlantic origin, is blended with the acromial part 
