Macalister— the Anatomy of the Civet and Tayra. 511 
nee femoris (0*24) is above the last, and arises from the anterior 
superior spine and fascia behind it, reaching to the gluteus maximus, 
from which it is only artificially separable in the Civet. In Galera 
they are quite separate, the tensor only arising from the iliac spine, 
and a short way behind it, while the gluteus was mainly caudo- 
sacral in origin, the crurales are very wide into the femur and 
fascia. 
Gluteus medius is thick and strong (0*67), the pyriformis is insepar- 
able in Galera, very separate in the Civet (C'13), and arises from the 
fronts of third sacral and first caudal vertebrae. 
The gluteus minimusisvery small (0-04), andposterior, the gluteus 
quartus arises in front and below a very distinct antero-posterior ridge 
in the dorsum ilii (0-05). A gluteus quintus arises from the front of 
the brim of the acetabulum, over the curved head of the rectus femoris, 
and passing downwards and backwards is inserted into the anterior 
intertrochanteric line, separated from the iliacus by the rectus femoris ; 
there is no fifth gluteus in Galera. The coccygeus is large and wide 
(O'll), the depressor caudge is very large and arises behind the last and 
in common with the hinder fibres of the levator ani. 
There are two strong gemelli inserted beneath the tendon of the ob- 
turator internus (0-16), as well as a very strong obturator externus 
(0-14). There is a special sphincter for the scent glands. 
The rectus has two heads as usual (0-54), and the gracilis is thick 
and wide (0-41), The vastus externus = 0*94, the vastus internus 
and crureus = 0-43. 
The sartorius in the Civet is double, the first arising above and 
behind the anterior superior spine, and inserted into the patella = 0-38, 
the second arises normally below the last and is inserted into the 
fascia on the inner side of the knee and over the inner side of the 
fibula, it weighs 0-19. Galera has but one sartorius, which is very 
wide and fiat, its attachments comprise those of both parts in the Civet. 
Semi-tendinosus has a tendinous intersection at the point where its 
ischiatic and its caudal (from second caudal vertebra) head unite, it is not 
prolonged to the heel, and weighs 0-57. fSemi-membranosus ( 0*42 ) is thick 
and fieshy, not attached to the superficial fascia of the leg but to the 
inner condyle of the tibia, it is quite separate from the adductor 
primus in the Galera, not so in Viverra. 
The biceps (1-05) arises by a narrow ischiatic origin, and is inserted 
into the upper two-thirds of the outer side of the leg, its insertion is 
all tendinous. Eicipiti accessorius is a very delicate strap (0*04), 
with a tendinous origin from the fascia at the base of the tail and the 
third caudal transverse process ; in the Civet it receives a slip from 
the semi-tendinosus at its insertion. 
Pectineus is small, normal (O'0 1 ). There is a ligamentum teres, and 
a strong ilio-femoral accessory ligament. The adductor primus is 
attached to semi membranosus as in the Civet, and weighs 0 44, the A. 
secundus is separable into two planes in the Civets (a ^ 075, /3 = 0-47), 
but they are inseparable in the Tayra. Adductor lougus = 0-06, in 
