544 
Proceedings of the Royal Irish Aaidcmi/. 
Tensor vaginae femoris arises from the anterior edge of the iliac crest 
beneath and outside the sartorius and was inserted into the fascia 
as usual. 
The psoas parvus arises from the two upper lumbars and is inserted 
behind the pectineus. 
Iliopsoas arises from the two lower lumbar vertebrse and by a few fibres- 
from the front of the ilio-lumbar ligaments, but not from the ilium, and 
is inserted into the lesser trochanter. 
Pectineus arises from the strong prominent pectineal tubercle, and 
is inserted into half of the length of the shaft of the femur. Adduc- 
tor primus arises from the tuber ischii along with semimembranosus, and 
is inserted immediately above the inner condyle of the femur. The 
second adductor is not divisible, and arises from the whole outer surface 
of the ischiopubis in front of the tuberosity, it is inserted into the 
whole length of the linea aspera of the femur. 
Adductor longus arises internal to the pectineus from the horizontal 
ramus of the pubis, and is inserted into the anterior surface of the 
inner condyle of the femur. Q^uadratus femoris is long and strong- 
Obturator externus is large. Obturator internus has a large superior 
and a rudimental inferior gemellus. 
Agitator caudae arises from the fascia over the anterior two or three 
caudal vertebrae, posterior to the gluteus maximus, from which it is with 
difficulty separable ; it is inserted into the middle third of the femur. 
Gluteus maximus arising anterior to the last is inserted into the root of 
the great trochanter above the last. Gluteus medius arises from the 
whole iliac dorsal fossa; pyriformis is scarcely separable^ and is inserted 
together with the gluteus into the great trochanter, but arises from the 
interior surface of the sacrum with the pelvis. 
Gluteus minimus arises from the anterior border of the iliac fossaj^ 
it is ith the size of the gluteus medius. The gluteus- quartus still 
smaller has a long marginal tendon of origin and is inserted in front of 
the great trochanter. 
Caudofem oralis arises from the transverse process of the first caudal 
vertebra, and is inserted into the outer popliteal ridge of the femur. 
Coccygeus runs from the spine of the ischium downwards and backwards 
as far as the fourth caudal vertebrae. 
There is a strong ligamentum teres in the hip joint. In the 
shoulder joint the spino-glenoid ligament is prolonged outwards to the 
humerus between the supra and infraspinati muscles. There is also a 
strong internal gleno-humeral ligament. 
Biceps femoris is a large muscle arising from the tuber ischii, and is 
inserted into the whole length of the fascia outside the leg ; under it 
lies a long strap-like bicipiti accessorius which springs from the first 
caudal vertebrae under cover of the can do femoralis, and is inserted 
into the calcaneum. 
Semimembranosus arising from the tuber ischii is inserted into the 
inner side of the head of the tibia. Semitendinosus arises from two 
or three caudal vertebrae, together with a fine slip from the tuber 
