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by steamer from Glasgow to Stettin, and in the seasons of 
1894-5 she was raced with much success by her royal 
owner under the name of Gudruda; her advent doing much 
to stimulate the interest in the class in German waters and 
to promote the building of new yachts. 
The lines of Gudruda, as here given, have been enlarged 
and redrawn from the small drawing in the year book of the 
Imperial Y. C. We presume that they are accurate and re- 
liable, as in the cases of such noted yachts the lines are 
usually taken from the boat herself by an oflBcer of the 
German navy. .The dimensions of the yacht are as follows: 
Length over all , 37ft. 5^. 
^ , 25ft. 6in. 
Overhang, bow sft 
stern eft! llin. 
Beam, extreme 7ft. 2in. 
^ „ " 6ft'. 6in'. 
Draft, extreme gft 2in 
, hull only ift." s^in." 
Freeooard, least ift, join. 
Sheer, bovs^ ift' 
^. , stern " 5|in. 
plate 7171bs. 
Bulb......... l,5001bs. 
Mast, from fore end, l.w.l 6ft. 6in. 
deck to upper hounds 25ft.' 6in." 
diameter, deck sin. 
greatest s^in. 
Bowsprit, outboard gft. 
Boom 37ft'. 
diameter 4in. 
Gaflf Uft. Sin! 
diameter 3in, 
Mainsail, area 434sq. ft. 
Jib 142sq ft. 
Total 576;q, ft. 
y. R. A. OfHcial S. A., 1892 599sq. ft. 
The construction and rigging of both Wenonah and EI 
Chico is thoroughly original, the work of N. G. Herreshoff. 
The construction was more or less a matter of gradual evolu- 
tion, the firm having built many steam yachts of increasing 
size jear by year with steamed and bent frames of light 
scantling and double-skin planking. The rig, a most radical 
departure from the conventional details of both American and 
English yachts, was less of a gradual evolution than of a 
speedy invention. The building of Gloriana in 1891 marked 
the return of the Herreshoffs to the field of sailing yachts, in 
which they had once been noted, after some years of practi- 
cal retirement from it while engaged in steam yacht and tor- 
pedo boat work. The rigging of Gloriana was no less orig- 
inal than other of her prominent features, and was very far 
ahead, both in strength and lightness, of anything yet 
seen on either American or English cutters. The same char- 
acteristics were visible in the sloop rigs of the two smaller 
yachts. 
Wenonah is built with a flat keel of oak about 12in. wide 
and Bin. thick, sprung to the proper sweep, the extreme fore 
end being formed of an oak knee where the curve is most 
abrupt. The frames are also of oak, sided lin. and moulded 
l^in., spaced between 9 and lOin. These frames after steam- 
ing are bent on solid moulds of the proper shape, each pair 
of timbers being secured to its mould with iron dogs and the 
moulds being then set up on the floor of the shop with the 
heels of the frames upward. The keel is then bent over the 
moulds, and the heels of the frames fastened. The wales 
are of white oak, in single lengths where the size of the 
yacht permits, with a heavy moulding worked on the upper 
outer edge, just under the planksheer. After the wales are 
in place and the garboards, also of a single thickness, are 
fitted, the inner skin is laid fore and aft, of white cedar 
about fin. thick; and over this is laid the outer skin of ma- 
hogany of about the same thickness. The planks are always 
narrow, not over 4 to 5in. The two skins are fastened to 
the oak frames by brass screws. 
After the bottom is finished off the hull is lifted by over- 
head traveling cranes and turned over, the clamps deck 
frame, etc., being put on. The clamp is of oak, If by If in 
The floor construction, to carry the bulb-fin, consists first of 
a series of oak cross floors, oae on each frame, sided Ifin 
and about Sin. deep where they cross 'the keel. On top of 
these floors at each end of the hull are two pairs of keelsons 
These are of oak, sided l|in. and 4in. deep amidships, taper- 
ing toward the ends. The after pair are parallel, 6iQ. apart. 
The forward pair converge until they meet at their fore ends. 
The mast step is a stout piece of plank bolted on top of the 
forward keelsons. For a distance of about 7ft. amidships 
there are no keelsons. The fin, which is of Tobin bronze 
fin. thick, is fitted on its upper edge with two angles of the 
same metal, SixSjXiin., the two riveted through the fin 
These angles fay against the bottom of the oak keel, to which 
they are fastened with ^in. Tobin bronze bolts, through floors 
and keelsons. 
There is a deck beam to each frame, main beams Ixlfin 
