4. Genus PHASCUM, Linn. 
Whole Plant — Anntial, small, often very minute, from I to i-inoli in height. 
Stem — Very short in most of the species. 
Leaves— Erect or spreading, strongly nerved, either disappearing below, or reaching to the point, lanceolate, cellules of 
middle -leaf large, oblong. 
Inflorescence — Monoicous. 
Barren Flower (Antheridia) — Few, at the base of Fertile flower, mixed with paraphyses. 
Fertile Flower (Ahchegonia) — Terminal. 
Capsule — Ovate or roundish, subsessile, pedicellate, or immersed, 
Calyptra — Campanulate or cacullate. 
■ Operculum — In some species there seems to be a trace, but in others even this is wanting. 
Peristome — Wanting. 
Spores — Small. 
General Habitat — Fallows, roadsides, banks, on a clayey or chalky soil. Fruit: — March. 
Species Illustrated — Phascum cuspidatum (Sohreber). 
Reference to Plate — a, Plant natural size;' aa, Same, X 2-in.; h, Leaf, X 1-in. ; hh, Same with capsule, X 2-in. ; c, Apex of 
leaf, X ?-in. ; d, Cellules of mid-leaf, X i-in. ; /, Capsule, X 1-in. ; h, calyptra, X 1-in. 
This genus is represented in England by 1 9 species, according to Hobkirk. 
5. Genus GYMNOSTOMUM, Eedw. 
Whole Plant — Perennial, varying from :^ to 1 inch in height. 
Si'EM — Short, csespitose, branched, fastigiate. 
Leaves — Lanceolate, spreading, erect, entire, nerve ceasing below the apex in some species, but sometimes reaching into 
a translucent point, areote small, the upper portion dot-like, basal cells irregularly quadrate. 
Inplorescence — Both monoicous and dioioous. 
Barren Flower (Antheridia) — With paraphyses. 
Fertile Flower (Archegonia) — With paraphyses, terminal. 
Vaginula — Oblong. 
Capsule — Oblong, oval, contracted at the mouth. 
Calyptra — Cucullate, beaked, extending below the operculum. 
Operculum — Conical, with a rather inclined beak. 
Annulus — Obscure, persistent. 
Peristome — None. 
Spores — Small. 
General Habitat — On rocks or on the ground. Fruit: — Spring and Autumn. 
Species Illustrated — Gymnostomum Squarrosum (Wilson). 
Reference to Plate— a, Plant natural size, X 2-in. ; aa, Same, X 2 in. ; h, Leaves of same, X 1-in. ; c, Apex of leaf, X i-in. ; 
cc, Basal cells of leaf and portion of nerve, X i-io..; f, Capsule, X 1-in.; g, Operculum, X 2-in.; 
h, Antheridia, with paraphyses, X i-ia. 
This genus is represented in Britain by six species. 
6. Genus WBISSIA, Hedw. 
Whole Plant — Perennial, tall, casspitose, growing on soil (a very variable plant). 
Stem — Long, erect; branches dichotomous. 
Leaves — Spreading, lanceolate, margins involute, nerve strong, areolae small at the upper part of the leaf, quadrate at the 
base. 
Inflorescence — Both monoicous and dioicous. 
Barren Flower (Antheridia) — Gemmiform. 
Fertile Floiver (Archegonia). — Gemmiforn}. 
Vaginula — Oblong. 
Capsule — Erect, ovate, or subcylindrical, on a long stalk. 
Calyptra. — Dimidiate. 
Operculum — Conical, with long beak. 
Annulus — Broad or narrow. 
Peristome — Simple, with 16 equidistant lanceolate teeth, transversely barred. 
Spores — Small, in some species larger. 
General Habitat — On banks, or rocks. Fruit : — Spring. 
Species Illustrated — Weissia controversa (Hedw.). 
Reference to Plate — a. Plant natural size ; aa. Same, x 2-in. ; 6, Leaves, X ll-in. ; hh, Same, X 1-in. ; /, Capsules, X 2-in. ; 
//, Teeth of Peristome, X i-in. ; g, Operculum, X 2-in. ; h, Calyptra, X 1-in. 
This genus is represented in Britain by eight species, according to Hobkirk. 
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