81. Genus CYLINDROTHECIUM, Bry. Eur. 
Whole Plant — Decumbent, growing in yellowish brown patches, with pinnated branches. 
Stem — Decumbent, having numerous short, acute, recurved, cuspidate branches, varying from 2 inches or more in length. 
Leaves — Shining, ovate, obtuse, entire, concave, faintly two-nerved at the base, areolae oblong, basal cells quadrate, 
pellnoid. 
Infloeescence — Dioicous. 
Barren Flower (Antheridia) — )^ .„ .,, 
„ .-7 Ti7 / A \ . Gemmitorm, axillary. 
^erfiZe jP(o!i:ec (Akchegonia) — j ' ^ 
Vaginula—Ohlong, leafy. 
Capsule — Cylindrical, erect, on a straight fruit stalk, chestnut red. 
Calyptra — Dimidiate. 
Operculum — Conical. 
Peristome- — Double, with 16 outer lanceolate red teeth, with prominent external cross bars, inner ones 16 alter- 
nating, having a medial line. 
Annulus — Sometimes wanting, faint yellow. 
Spores — Small. 
General Hauitat — On hills in chalky districts, Ben Lawers, Welburn, and Wolstonbury, Sussex. Fruit : — 
Species Illustrated — Cylindrothecium Montagnei, Entodon insidiosus, (Bry. Eur.). 
Reference to Plate — a, Plant, natural size ; h, Leaves, X 1-in. ; c. Apex of leaf, X j-in. ; d, Basal cells, X i-in. ; /, Capsule, 
X 1-in. 
This genus is represented in Britain by the species figured. The fruit has not been found in Britain. Dissections are 
more fully given in a Supplementary Plate drawn from foreign specimens. 
82. Genus LESKEA, Eedwig. 
Whole Plant — Perennial, creeping on the trunks and roots of trees, walls and rocks, branched, colour yellowish or bright 
green, varying in length from ^ to 2 inches; fruit lateral from the lower part of stetn. 
Stem — 'Creeping, with irregular branches, which are simple and usually erect. 
Leaves — ^Ovate, or ovate-lanceolate, tapering to a point, entire, nerved or nerveless, areolae narrow, elongated. 
Infloeescence— Dioicous, or monoicons. 
Barren Flower (Antheridia) — Axillary gemmiform. 
Fertile Flower (Archegonia) — Axillar}- on the stem, with filiform paraphyses. 
Vaginiila — Cylindrical. 
Capsule — Erect, ovate-cylindrical, on a long straight fruit stalk, colour reddish-brown. 
Calyptra — Dimidiate. 
Operculum — Conical, with a short oblong beak. 
Peristome — Double, composed of 16 outer lanceolate, trabeculated, red teeth; inner teeth 16, yellowish processes. 
Annulus — Obsouie. 
Spores — Small, yellowish. 
General Habitat — On the trunks and roots of trees, walls and rocks. Fruit : — Spring, Summer, and Winter. 
Species Illustrated — Leskea sericea (Hedw. Dill.), Hypnum sericeum (Hook, and Tayl.). 
Reference to Plate — o. Plant, natural size; aa, Capsnle, slightly magnified; 6, Stem leaf, X 2-in. ; bb, Perichtetial leaf, 
X 2-in.; c, Teeth of peristome, X i-in. ; d, Cellules of leaf, X i-'n. ; f, Capsules, X 2-in,; e, 
Archegonia and paraphyses, X 1-in. ; ee, Archegonia, X j-in. ; h, Spores, X 5-in. 
This genus is represented in Britain by nine species. 
83. Genus HYPNUM, Dill. Hedw. 
Whole Plant — Perennial, varying greatly in size and habit, erect or procumbent, colour yellowish-green, pale or dull 
green, from 5 an inch to 6 inches or more in height. Capsules erect, curved. 
Stem — Generally creeping, csespitose, with erect or horizontal branches. 
Leaves — Ovate, or ovate lanceolate, very variable, serrated or entire, of firm texture, nerved or nerveless, nerve variable in 
length, areolEe narrow and elongated, in some species quadrate or hexagonal at the base. 
Infloeescence — Dioicous or monoicous. 
Barren J'/o«'er (Antheridia) — Axillary, ovate, mixed with filiform paraphyses. 
Fertile Floiver (Archegonia)- — Styles long, mixed with long filiform paraphyses. 
Vaginula — Cylindrical, leafy at the base. 
Capsule — Erect, cernuous, mostly of a rich brown colour, on a long smooth or rough fruit stalk. 
Calyptra — Cucnllate, small. 
Operculum — Conical. 
Peristome — Double, composed of 16 reddish-brown or yellowish teeth, equidistant, lanceolate, trabeculated, inner 
teeth 16, composed of carinate processes. 
Annulus — Large or small. 
Spores — Variable in size, yellow or reddish. 
General Habitat — In bogs, marshes, on the trunks and roots of trees, walls, stones, rocks, and sandy banks. Fruit : — 
Spring and Winter. 
Species Illustrated— Hypnum cupressiforme (Dill. Linn.). 
Reference to Plate — a, Plant, natural size; b, Stem leaf, X 1-in.; ah, Same, X 2-in.; bb, Perichaetial leaf, X 2.in. ; c, Apex 
of leaf, X i-in. ; d, Mid-leaf cells, X i-in. ; dd, Basal cells, X i-in. ; e, Teeth of peristome, 1-in. ; 
/, Capsule, X 2-in. ; g, Vaginula, X 2-iu. 
This genus is now divided into 13 sub-genera. For figures see Plate xxiii, and for descriptions I must refer the 
Student to Hobkirk's Synopsis. 
27 
