stone Age Collection. 
Sir John Lubbock has suggested the terms Palceoliihic and 
Neolithic for the two main divisions of the Stone Age. 
Palaeolithic Period. 
Implements of the Palaeolithic period are formed by the pro- 
cess of chipping only; no single instance of finishing them by 
artificial rubbing has been observed. They are also usually 
found associated with remains of the mammoth, the woolly- 
rhinoceros, the musk-ox, the reindeer, and other animals, many 
of which are of extinct species, whilst the entire fauna presents 
more of an arctic character than that of the present day. 
Flint implements have been repeatedly found in situ in un- 
disturbed beds of sand, loam, and gravel, deposited chiefly in 
valleys of certain rivers in England and France, and which 
deposits belong to the post-pliocene or Quaternary period of 
geologists. It follows, therefore, that the age of the implements 
cannot be less, whilst it may be greater, than that of the beds 
themselves. 
Our knowledge of the Palaeolithic period has been greatly 
extended by the discoveries made in certain bone-caves in 
England, France, and other countries, in which the remains of a 
fauna, closely resembling that obtained from the valley-gravels, 
have been discovered. Many of the bone implements from these 
caves exhibit artificial rubbing, yet in no instance have the flint 
implements been similarly finished. 
NeolitMc Period. 
During the Neolithic period some of the flint and stone imple- 
ments, such as hatchets and axes, after having been chipped 
into shape, were finished by artificial rubbing or polishing ; 
many others, such as arrow-heads and scrapers, were still formed 
by the processes of flaking and chipping only. 
No implements of characteristic Neolithic types have been 
found under circumstances enabling them to be assigned to 
the Palaeolithic period ; but the reverse cannot be asserted, 
although cases are rare ; remains of the extinct mammalia 
(Mammoth, &c.) have not been found with objects of the 
Neolithic period. 
