104 
the altar," and a second band of sand curved over the 
charcoal. The altar " was the smallest met with. It was round, 
and did not measure more than two feet in diameter. Not- 
withstanding its small size, numerous relics were found on it. 
Among these, in Case B 33, are the obsidian spear-heads, 
Tablets 22 to 26 ; the scrolls of mica, Tablets 27 to 30 ; some 
small bone implements, Tablet 20 ; some pearl beads, and some 
thin narrow slips of copper. The relics were covered with a 
layer of charcoal, about six feet in diameter, which had been 
covered up with earth while burning. 
Mounds of Sepulture. 
Mound c — e, Liberty Township, Ross County, Ohio.*' 
This tumulus is in form an irregular oval, one hundred and 
sixty feet in length, ninety feet in breadth at its larger end, 
and twenty feet in height. An excavation disclosed a cist of 
timber, eight feet square. Posts, eight inches in diameter, 
had been driven eighteen inches into the soil, at the outer 
corners of the cist, as if to support the structure. Of 
course the wood had perished, but perfect casts of the posts 
remained in the compact earth which formed the mound. A 
partly-burned skeleton was found in this cist, and with it the 
thin copper plate, No. 11, Case A 51, and the stone smoking- 
pipe. No. 12. The bones appeared to have been enveloped in 
matting. The floor of the mound, so far as it was examined, 
was composed of clay, which, after it was laid, had been burnt 
to considerable hardness. A second excavation in another 
part of the mound disclosed an "altar" of burned clay at the 
depth of twenty feet. This "altar" was sunk below the 
original surface of the soil, and was surrounded by an enclosure 
of timber, similar to that found in the other shaft. 
Mound No. i. Plate ii. Ancient Monuments of the 
Mississippi Valley." 
This mound is on the east bank of the Scioto river, about six 
miles below the city of Chillicothe. It is twenty-two feet in 
height, and contained a timber cist upon the original level of 
the soil ; in this was a human skeleton, having a necklace com- 
* So marked upon plate xx. ' Anc. Mon. Miss. Valley,' p. 56. 
