138 
No. 5 and No. 6 appear to be unfinished ; the drilled hole 
has been commenced on one side of No. 5, and on both sides 
of No. 6. The circular striae are to be seen inside the holes in 
both specimens ; a hollow tool was not used in making the 
perforations, for the bottom of each hole is rounded ; perhaps 
hollow drills were used in perforating Nos. 7, 9, 10, 11, and 12. 
In North America the grooved tomahawk was, prior to the 
occupation by Europeans, the prevailing implement of the axe 
kind. American drilled axes are uncommon. They are usually 
small, and, as before mentioned, were probably used as 
weapons of parade. The haft-holes are exceedingly regular, 
and the annular striae can often be plainly seen. 
No. 13 is a fiat axe or hoe of fine-grained greenstone 
(aphanite), with a small drilled hole. 
The stone ''gorgets," Nos. 14 to 33, and the specimens, 
Nos. 34 and 35, in this Case, are noticed at pages 127 and 
128. 
A 50. 
No. I is a carved object of whetslate, of bird-like form, 
found in Ohio. No. 2 is a similar object, of green chlorite, 
found in Virginia. No. 3 is another example, made of whet- 
slate, found in Ohio. In point of size these specimens are 
nearly alike, being about five inches and a quarter in length, 
with an average breadth of about three-quarters of an inch. 
Very many examples of these objects have been met with in 
the States of Virginia, Ohio, Kentucky, Tennessee, Illinois, 
and Indiana. They are frequently made of the variety of slate 
(whetslate) mentioned at page 106. They have holes perfo- 
rated diagonally at the lower corners ; these holes usually show 
wear from friction. Squier and Davis consider that these 
objects have been worn as amulets, or as badges of distinction. 
Schoolcraft classes them as knife-handles, "designed to con- 
fine the cutting edges of flinty or obsidian blades." 
No. 4 is a pipe-bowl of green chlorite, in the form of an owl, 
found in Virginia. 
No. 5, 23 var.,f was found within an ancient enclosure, twelve 
miles below the city of Chillicothe. It is a smoking-pipe ; the 
bowl rises from the centre of the back of a human-headed bird, 
and communicates with a hole drilled at the side for the inser- 
* See page 106. 
t See page 107. 
