THE CHASE NURSERIES, GENEVA. N. Y. 
of superior fruit. His neighbor, with perhaps 
better soil and advantages at the outset, and 
equal care and experience in planting, having 
neglected these apparently trivial, but really 
important matters, sees instead of thrifty trees 
loaded with luscious fruit, a few mossy, 
scraggy specimens. 
Those who are obliged to plant trees in fields 
of grain and grass, should see that all such 
are carefully mulched with coarse manure, and 
that the ground is kept loose and moist about 
the tree. A hoed crop is preferable in such 
plantations for the first five years. After this 
time. Standard Apple, Pear and Plum Trees 
will grow and produce fairly in turf. The 
Dwarf Trees and Peaches should be well 
mulched every year with coarse manure, and 
the ground thoroughly cultivated. 
Grape Vines. Require a dry, mellow, well- 
drained soil, deeply worked and well enriched, 
with a warm, sunny exposure. In planting 
give the roots plenty of room and settle the 
soil firmly about them. A strong vine may 
be allowed to grow the first season without 
pruning; in November or December following, 
the growth should be cut back to three or 
four buds; the next season allow but two buds 
to grow, which should make canes seven to 
ten feet long and be cut back to four or five 
feet, ready for fastening to the trellis. Finer 
grapes and larger crops will be secured where 
there is not an excess of vine. For the subse- 
quent pruning of vines, as well as trees, plant- 
ers would do well to consult some practical 
works on the subject. 
Berries. Should have strong soil and be 
kept under constant cultivation. Mulching is 
of special value. Raspberries and Blackberries 
should have the old canes cut out each year, 
and new canes pinched off when three feet 
high. If the position is at all exposed, it is 
well to raise a mound between the hills late in 
the fall, bend the canes over this mound and 
peg them down during the winter. Straw 
berries should be mulched late in the fall; un- 
cover the crowns early in the spring, remove 
the mulch after fruiting and spade in light 
dressing of manure. If set for fruit, keep the 
runners cut off. 
Currants and Gooseberries should be mulched 
every spring and well pruned, so that new 
wood may have a chance to grow. The ground 
about them should be kept in good condition 
by manure and cultivation. The worms may 
be destroyed with certainty by applying White 
Hellebore powder shaken from a coarse bag as 
soon as they appear, and repeating the opera- 
tion once or twice. 
Roses. Nothing repays good care better 
than Roses. They should have a deep, rich, 
well-drained soil, thorough cultivation and 
plenty of manure. They should be pruned 
every spring before the buds swell, cutting 
back all the last year's growth to three or 
four buds, excepting Climbing or Pillar Roses, 
which may first be allowed partly to cover 
space desired, old decayed branches should 
never remain. Climbing, Moss and Hybrid 
Perpetual sorts require no protection, but the 
so-called "tender" varieties should be covered 
with leaves, straw or branches of evergreens, 
late in the fall. If the "thrip" or fly appears 
it may be disposed of by applying decoctions of 
tobacco steeped in water. Every autumn, com- 
post should be placed around the stems of the 
plants and spaded into the ground the follow- 
ing spring. 
Budded roses should be planted deep in the 
ground so that the bud is slightly covered with 
earth, and then during the growing season 
should be carefully watched and every shoot 
or sucker that grows from the wild root below 
the bud, should be cut off as soon as it makes 
its appearance. If this is done the budded 
shoot or stock receives the full strength of 
the plant and grows rapidly and blooms freely. 
If it is not done and the wild shoots or suck- 
ers are allowed to grow, they take all the 
strength of the roots and in a short time the 
budded shoot dies and nothing is left but the 
wild shoots from the roots which, of course, 
bear nothing but ordinary wild roses. 
Fruit Growing is a much better line of farm 
work than raising grain. There is no question 
about the result. The demand for apples, 
peaches, pears and cherries is greater to-day 
than ever, and it will continue as long as the 
earth bears. Fruit is one of the best foods, 
besides it comes to us pure and healthful and 
will always demand a good price. 
Every person owning land from a back yard 
to a 300-acre farm should plant fruit. Plant at 
the earliest possible time. 
Jonathan 
Northern Spy 
Stayman's Winesap 
King 
